Immigration Warnings
I am not in the U.S. legally but I want to apply to
stay here legally sometime in the future.
ARE THERE THINGS I CAN DO NOW
TO HELP MY CHANCES OF GETTING LEGAL STATUS LATER ON?
If you are in the U.S. without permission, you are breaking the U.S.
immigration laws. You are at risk of
being arrested by Immigration & Customs Enforcement (ICE), and being
deported. If you are not here legally, but hope to try to get legal status someday,
there are things you can do that may help your chance of getting legal status
in the future.
·
Stay Out
Of Trouble. Do not take part in
criminal activity. It can keep you from
getting legal status, and may get you deported. Avoid contact with police or law enforcement officials unless it
is necessary. In some places, local police cooperate with immigration
officials, and may call ICE if they think you are not legal.
But you should call the police or emergency services when you need
them, like to report a crime, or get medical help. Victims of some types of crimes may be able
to get special immigration status if they report the crime and cooperate with
law enforcement in investigating or prosecuting it.
If you have any criminal history, get advice from an immigration attorney
before applying for legal immigration status in the U.S.
·
Do Not
Claim to be a U.S. Citizen. If you are not a citizen of the U.S., never say that you are for any reason.
This is called a false claim to citizenship.
If you claim to be a U.S. citizen when you are not, you may never be
able to get legal status, and you can be deported. Voting or registering to
vote can be seen as a false claim to citizenship. Using the identity documents
of a U.S.
citizen or claiming to be a citizen for work or any immigration, or other
Federal or State benefit are also seen as false claims to citizenship.
·
Be
Careful If You Leave the U.S. Immigration law punishes some people who
leave the U.S.
after they were here without permission.
If you entered the U.S.
illegally, or you stayed in the U.S.
longer than you were supposed to, you have unlawful
presence. Unlawful presence only counts against you if it happened after
April 1, 1997, and if you were at least 18 years old when it happened. But, there is an exception to the rule that
unlawful presence begins at 18. (See *
below).
-
If you have been in the U.S. without permission for 6-12
months in a row, and then you leave, you have a 3 year bar.
-
If you have been in the U.S. without permission for 12
months or more in a row, and then you leave, you have a 10 year bar.
If you have a 3 or 10 year bar,
you cannot come back to the U.S.
lawfully, or get lawful immigration status for a period of 3 or 10 years. If
you have a spouse or parent who is a lawful permanent resident or U.S.
citizen, you can apply to “waive,”
or cancel the 3 or 10 year bar. Waivers are not easy to get, and are only
granted if you can prove extreme hardship to your relative.
Other people with unlawful
presence in the U.S.
may have a permanent bar. You have a permanent bar if
1)
You were in the U.S. without permission for a
period or periods of time that add up to 1 year or more, you left the country,
then came back or tried to come back again illegally, or
2)
You were deported from the U.S. after April 1, 1997, and then
came back or tried to come back again illegally.
People who have a permanent bar
cannot legally enter the U.S.,
or get lawful immigration status. You cannot waive, or cancel the permanent
bar, but you can apply to come back to the U.S. if you stay outside the
country for 10 years. * For
this bar, some immigration authorities count time in the U.S. even for those under 18.
·
Pay Your
Taxes. People who work in the U.S. are taxed on what they earn.
Taxes pay for government services, and are often taken right from your
paychecks. If you work in the U.S.
and earn above a certain amount, you must file both a state and federal income
tax return, even if you did not have legal permission to work. A tax return is a form that figures out
whether you owe more tax money to the government. You might be able to get a refund of some of the money that was
taken out of your paycheck for taxes. Even if you do not have to file a tax
return because you did not earn enough, you can still file to get a refund. Tax
returns must be filed with the government by April 15 of each year.
If you need to file a tax return,
but do not have a valid social security number, you can apply for a Taxpayer
Identification Number (ITIN). The ITIN lets people who work in the U.S.
without permission to file income tax returns. You can apply for an ITIN with
the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), at www.irs.gov/,
or by calling 1-800-829-1040. If you apply for lawful immigration status in the
future, you may need to turn in copies of your previous tax returns. Not filing
tax returns could make it hard for you to get legal status later on.
·
Keep
Copies of Your Records. It is important to keep copies of documents and
papers which prove that you have lived in the U.S. These documents could be
important to a future immigration application.
You should save copies of
-
paystubs,
-
rent receipts,
-
tax returns & W2 forms,
-
bills,
-
birth & marriage certificates,
-
doctor’s records,
-
photo IDs,
-
government receipts and letters,
-
anything relating to your immigration case, and
-
documents that have
your name and a date on them.
·
Be
Careful of Using Public Benefits. Using welfare or public benefits in the U.S. could
affect your future immigration applications. To get permanent residence in the U.S.,
some people must prove that they will not become a “public charge.” A public charge is someone who is likely to
depend on government benefits programs in the future. If you have received
public benefits in the past you may have a hard time proving that you will not
be a public charge. The government will
look at why you needed the benefits and for how long you used them. Sometimes
it is possible to overcome this public charge problem. If it is possible in your case, you may want
to get the benefits that you are eligible for.
Talk to an attorney if you have questions. Refugees and asylees
do not have to worry about this. If you
are a refugee or asylee, you can safely get benefits
if you need to. Be sure to give the
county all the information that they ask for when figuring out if you are
eligible for public benefits.
·
Financially
Support Your Children. If you have been ordered to pay child support, make
your payments, and make them on time. If you are behind on your child support
payments, or owe back payments, enter into a payment plan to catch up.
If you do not live with your
children, and do not have a child support order, make sure that you help to
financially support them. If you do not pay child support or financially help
your children in other ways, you might have trouble getting legal status.
·
Certain
Males Must Register With Selective Service. Almost all males in the U.S
between the ages of 18-25 must register with selective service. Information
collected from selective service may be used if the U.S. ever drafts people for
military service. You can register for selective service on-line at www.sss.gov/ , or in person at any U.S. Post
Office.
|
Minneapolis Legal Aid – CLE
MN
Legal Services Coalition
2324 University Avenue W- Suite 101B
St. Paul, MN 55114
|
Don’t use this fact sheet if it is
more than 1 year old.
Write
us for updates, a fact sheet list, or alternate formats.
Fact
Sheets aren’t a complete answer to a legal problem.
See a lawyer for advice.
|
|
© 2011
Mid-Minnesota Legal Assistance. This
document may be reproduced and used for non-commercial personal and
educational purposes only. All
other rights reserved. This notice
must remain on all copies.
Reproduction, distribution, and use for commercial purposes are
strictly prohibited.
|
To find other Legal
Aid Society materials, including any fact sheets mentioned in this
document, go to www.lawhelpmn.org/LASMfactsheets.