Getting Unemployment

Unemployment insurance is given to people who lose their jobs when it is not their fault. This fact sheet gives some of the rules about who can get unemployment insurance. If you are not sure if you can get unemployment, you should apply. Although there are other rules, there are 4 basic rules. 

1. You must have earned a certain amount of money at 1 or more jobs.
   
   Unemployment looks at a 1-year period that ends 1 to 6 months before the date you apply. When you apply, you get something in the mail called a Statement of Benefit Account. Look at this closely. It tells you if you made enough money to get Unemployment during the months they are counting. And how much you get per week if you are approved. If this information is not right, call the Department of Employment and Economic Assistance (DEED).
   
   In the metro, call (651) 296-3644
   Outside the metro call, 1-(877) 898-9090. TTY: 1-(866) 814-1252
   
   If you don’t qualify because you didn’t make enough money in the months they counted but you made more money in later months, call DEED. They can let you know if you should wait and apply again so that the later months are counted.
    
2. You lost your job, and it was not your fault.
   
   In general, you can’t get Unemployment if you quit your job or if you were fired for “misconduct.” There are exceptions. You can often get Unemployment if you lost your job for one of the following reasons. If you’re not sure, you should apply.
    
   • Did you get laid off?
   • Were your hours cut?
   • Did you quit because your job was unsafe, or someone was threatening or hurting you on the job or in your personal life?
   • Did you quit because of an illness or emergency in your family, and you couldn’t get time off?
   • Did you quit or were you fired because changes to your mental or physical health made doing the job hard?
   • Were you sick or injured and it made working hard? Was someone in your family sick or injured?
   • Did you lose childcare or your transportation? Did your boss or co-workers harass you or treat you badly?
   • Did you do the job to the best of your ability, but still got fired because it wasn’t good enough for your boss?
      
3. You must be looking for work after losing your job.
   
   Treat your job search like a full-time job. Spend at least 30 hours a week looking for a new job. Keep records of where you look for work. This includes time spent:
    
   • at job fairs
   • networking
   • going to job clubs
   • working with a job coach
   • looking for work online, etc.
   
   You must be able to show you were looking for work if DEED asks.
    
4. You must be able to work and available to work after losing your job.
   
   If you have health issues or commitments (like school) that keep you from looking for work or working, you may not be eligible.  

Note: If you get social security payments (RSDI or SSI), getting Unemployment can be tricky. Contact legal aid for more information. Find your office at 1-(877) 696-6529.

If things like this happen, keep notes about what happened and when and make your complaint in writing. Be sure to keep a copy of everything important.

Remember: it is important to let your boss know about the problem and give them time to fix it. If you don’t, you may not be able to get unemployment insurance. 

• You probably won’t be able to get Unemployment if you quit for personal reasons or because you did not like your job.
• You might not be able to get Unemployment if your boss says you were fired for “misconduct.” Misconduct can be things like poor attendance and being late. It is also things like stealing, lying, fighting on the job, or refusing to do what your supervisor asked. If you are told not to do something and you keep breaking the rules even after being warned, your boss can call that misconduct.

If you have good reasons for breaking the rules or not doing what your boss asks, you may be eligible. Good reasons are usually about safety and well-being of workers. If you think you were doing the right thing, you should still apply for Unemployment.

You might still be able to get Unemployment if you missed work for a good reason, like illness or an unexpected transportation problem. If you told your boss about it as soon as you could.

You might also be able to get Unemployment if your boss fired you because of something related to your mental illness.

You can work part-time while getting unemployment, but the amount of your wages is taken out of your unemployment money. This is how it works: 

• If you work less than 32 hours in a week and you earn less than your weekly unemployment amount, you can get a partial payment.   

• If you work 32 or more hours in a week or if your gross earnings for a week are the same as or more than your weekly unemployment amount, you won’t get unemployment for that week. 

It is really important for you to report all of your earnings in the week you earn the money, not the week you are paid. Report it every week when you ask for your weekly payment. Report your earnings from all jobs, even temporary or part-time jobs. Even a rent discount for being the caretaker of your building counts. Report the earnings even if you think the Unemployment Office already knows about the job.

If you don’t report all of your earnings or other income, you get an overpayment. You have to repay this overpayment back to the Unemployment Office. You may also have to pay a fraud penalty and interest. See our fact sheet Unemployment Overpayments.  

Each case is different. Call your local legal aid office right away to talk about your case. Find your office at 1-(877) 696-6529.

Unemployment benefits are about 50 percent of the wages you were making. But it may be less in certain situations.

File your claim right away. The longer you wait, the longer it takes before you get any money. You do not get paid at all for the time between your last day and the week that you file. Also, there is a 1 week waiting period before you get paid the first time.

It is fastest to file online at http://www.uimn.org/. You can also file by phone. In the metro, call (651) 296-3644. Outside the metro, call 1-(877) 898-9090. TTY: 1-(866) 814-1252.

Get all your job information together:

• Your social security number
• Names and addresses of your employers for the last 18 months and the dates you worked at each job
• Why the jobs ended
• Any papers from your employer explaining why your job ended

You can usually get up to 26 weeks’ worth of unemployment insurance, but you have to use them within a year of the date you apply.

Every week you need to log into your account or call and ask for benefits.

Even though you can only get Unemployment for 26 weeks, you need to remember to update your contact information on the website for 4 years. If you don’t respond to DEED within 20 days of any notice they send, you lose your right to appeal.

You can appeal if Unemployment is denied, lowered, cut off or if you don’t agree with your Statement of Benefits. You get a letter when your Unemployment is approved or denied or if there are any changes. You can appeal online, by mail or fax. The information to do this is in the letter.

You have 20 days to appeal. Don’t wait until the last day to file an appeal. If you miss the deadline for any reason your appeal will be ignored. Make sure you keep a copy of your appeal. They set a phone hearing and send you a letter about it. Make sure you give them the right phone number for the hearing. Be sure you can answer the call at the hearing time! If you don’t answer the call, you lose your chance to appeal.  

• Get your proof together – Read the papers from the Unemployment Office about why your employer thinks you should not get unemployment, or why your benefits are being lowered or cut off. Fax or mail any notes, doctor’s statements or records to the judge. Write down the things you want to say at the hearing, so you don’t forget anything.
   
• Legal help – You don’t have to have a lawyer, but it can help. At least talk to one for advice about how to handle the hearing yourself. Call your legal aid office at 1(877) 696-6529 for help or referrals.

If you lose the appeal, you may have an overpayment. That means that you have to pay back money that you got. See our fact sheet Unemployment Overpayments.

For more information on appeals go online to http://www.uimn.org/ or call (651) 296-3745.

You CANNOT get unemployment benefits if you do not have permission to work in the United States.

If you do have permission to work, you CAN get unemployment benefits. You have permission to work if you are a permanent resident, have a work visa, or have a work permit. For unemployment benefits, the government only counts the work you did while you had permission to work.

Unemployment benefits do not count for the public charge rule.