Thaum Koj Tus Menyuam Raug Rho Tawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv: Rho Tawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv

Minnesota txoj cai muaj cai tseemceeb rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv thaum lawv raug rho tawm tseemfwv cov tsev kawm ntawv. Tseemfwv txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv yuavtsum muaj txheej txheem qhuab qhia hu uas “mus raws kev tiv thaiv.” Qhov no txhais tias, tus txheej txheem yuavtsum mus raws txoj kev nrhiav kom tau cov teebmeem thiab daws kom tau ua ntej yuav raug qhuab qhia. Cov tsev kawm ntawv kuj yuavtsum tau ua raws lub xeev cov cai tswj kev qhuab qhia, hu ua Pupil Fair Dismissal Act.

Yog koj tus menyuam muaj kev xiam oob qhab lossis tau txais kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb, muaj ib co cai ntxiv uas yuavtsum siv rau lub tsev kawm ntawv. Kom paub ntxiv hu rau Minnesota Disability Law Center ntawm (612) 332-1441 lossis 1(800) 292-4150.

Ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv muaj feem raug qhuab qhia los ntawm tej yam xws li no:

• Ua tsis raws tsev kawm ntawv cov cai
  Pab pawg coj ntawm tsev kawm ntawv tsim cov cai uas menyuam kawm ntawv yuavtsum ua raws. Cov cai no yuavtsum meej, thiab lub tsev kawm ntawv yuavtsum qhia tau tias tus menyuam yeej paub txog cov cai no lawm. Feem ntau, cov cai muaj nyob rau menyuam kawm ntawv/niam txiv phau ntawv qhia txog tsev kawm ntawv.
   
• Thaiv txoj kev kawm ntawm lwm tus
  Cov menyuam kawm ntawv tsis muaj cai tsim kev tabkaum rau hauv chav kawm ntawv, cov kev kawm tom qab kawm ntawv, cov kev kislas, lossis lwm cov koomtxoos uas yog tsev kawm ntawv ua. Ib tug menyuam uas tsim kev tabkaum rau tsev kawm ntawv, lossis tsev kawm ntawv cov koomtxoos muaj feem yuav raug qhuab qhia.
   
• Ua kev phomsij rau koj tus kheej lossis lwm tus lossis tsev kawm ntawv tej khoom ntiag tug
  Cov menyuam kawm ntawv tsis muaj feem ua tej yam uas yuav muab lawv tus kheej lossis lwm tus tso rau kev phomsij, lossis ua khoom ntiag tug puas tsuaj. Tej yam pivtxwv yog xws li sib ntaus, ntaus neeg, cuam khoom lossis ua khoom puas, thiab hawv tias yuav ua phem rau lwm tus lossis tus kheej.
   

Nyob rau txhua rooj, txoj kev coj uas ua tau raug qhuab qhia yuavtsum yog tus kheej xaiv ua (txhob txwm ua) mas tus menyuam kawm ntawv thiaj yuav raug qhuab qhia.

Nws yog ib yam nyuab heev los sib hais nrog tsev kawm ntawv txog kev raug rho tawm tsev kawm ntawv lossis hais kom muab tshem tawm. Yog li no, nws yog ib lub tswvyim zoo mus tham nrog lub tsev kawm ntawv kom nrhiav tau kev hla kom tau qhov yuav rho tawm tsev kawm ntawv lossis raug qhuab qhia mus yav pem suab. Qhov no yog tej yam xws li, nrhiav kev pab ntxiv rau tus menyuam kawm ntawv, tiv tauj kom zoo dua nrog niam txiv, lossis lwm cov kev daws teebmeem hais txog tus cwj pwm.

Kev raug rho tawm yog ib hom kev qhuab qhia uas lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj feem siv tau los rau ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv uas ua txhaum cai. Ib tug menyuam uas raug rho tawm yuav rov mus kawm ntawv tsis tau lossis mus kawm tsis tau lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawd mus kom txog 12 lub hlis. Feem ntau, cov menyuam kawm ntawv tsuas raug rho tawm rau tej yam uas txhaum loj heev xwb lossis kev txhaum uas pheej rov ua dua. Cov uas teebmeem uas tshwmsim heev tshaj plaws uas menyuam kawm ntawv raug rho tawm tsev kawm ntawv hauv Minnesota yog:

1. nqa riam phom tuaj hauv tsev kawm ntawv
2. muaj yeeb tshuab tsis raws cai, thiab
3. sib ntaus (ntaus neeg)
    

Koj phau ntawv qhia txog tsev kawm ntawv rau menyuam kawm ntawv/niam txiv tejzaum yuav qhia txog tias siv hom kev qhuab qhia zoo licas rau hom kev ua txhaum licas. Nyeem phau ntawv kom tib zoo. Koj tus menyuam yuavtsum tsis raug rho tawm tsev kawm ntawv yog tias txoj cai lawv ua txhaum ntawd tsis tau hais tias yuav siv kev rho tawm los rau txim.

Cov menyuam kawm ntawv muaj cov cai tseemceeb thaum lawv ntsib kev yuav raug rho tawm. Kev raug rho tawm tejzaum kuj tsis raws cai yog tias lub tsev kawm ntawv tsis tau saib xyuas kom tus menyuam yeej tau txais cov cai xws li no lawm:

• Lus Cim: Ua ntej lub tsev kawm ntawv rho ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv, lub tsev kawm ntawv yuavtsum muab tus menyuam thiab niam txiv lossis tus saib xyuas ib daig ntawv qhia txog lub tsev kawm ntawv txoj kev npaj rho tawm. Daim ntawv yuavtsum muaj:
  • cov ntsiab lus tseeb qhia txog yam tshwmsim
  • cov neeg timkhawv uas lub tsev kawm ntawv npaj yuav hu tuaj rau rooj plaub hais txog kev rho tawm
  • yam uas cov timkhawv yuav hais rau rooj plaub
  • lub sijhawm, hnub tim, thiab chaw ntawm rooj plaub
  • seb tus menyuam kawm ntawv thiab/lossis niam txiv muaj cov cai dabtsi rau rooj plaub
  • cov lus qhia txog seb lub tsev kawm ntawv tau ua licas los tiv thaiv kom txog raug rho tawm
  • kev nrhiav cov npe ntawm cov kws lijchoj uas ua haujlwm dawb thiab pheejyig
  • luam ib daig ntawv Pupil Fair Dismissal Act tso nrog daim ntawv qhia
  
  Yog ib yam ntawm cov no tsis nyob rau daim ntawv qhia, niam txiv yuavtsum nug txog.
   
• Muaj cai hais ib rooj plaub: Ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv yuav raug rho tawm tsis tau yog tias tsis hais rooj plaub, tshwj tias tus menyuam kawm ntawv thiab niam txiv tau xee npe rau daim ntawv tso cai zam (tso tseg) tsis hais rooj plaub. Lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj feem sib zog hais kom koj xee npe rau daim ntawv tso tseg tsis hais. Tiamsis, nco ntsoov – rooj plaub yog tus menyuam kawm ntawv lub sijhawm yuav nthuav qhia nws tus kheej sab thiab saib kom meej tias lub tsev kawm ntawv puas ua raws cov cai uas yuavtsum tau raws. Nco ntsoov tham nrog kwv lijchoj ua ntej xee npe rau ib yam dabtsi.
   
• Muaj Cai tau Kws Lijchoj Sawv Cev:  Koj muaj cai muaj ib tug neeg sawv cev rau koj thiab koj tus menyuam nyob rau rooj plaub. Lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav muaj ib tug kws lijchoj rau rooj plaub no yog li ntawd koj yuavtsum muaj thiab. Lub tsev kawm tnawv yuavtsum tau qhia rau leej niam txiv txog kev pab lijchoj uas dawb lossis pheejyig rau cov rooj plaub no. Hu rau ib tug kws lijchoj sai li sai tau.
   
• Kev npaj rau Rooj Plaub: Koj muaj cai saib koj tus menyuam cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv ua ntej rooj plaub, kom nthuav tau povthawj thiab muaj neeg timkhawv nyob rau rooj plaub, thiab kom nug tau rau lub tsev kawm ntawv cov neeg timkhawv lus.

• Muaj Cai kom Hais Rooj Plaub Sai: Rooj plaub yuavtsum tshwmsim ua ntej dhau 10 hnub ntawm lub caij tsev kawm ntawv xa ntawv los txog kev rho tawm. Yog koj lossis lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj dabtsi tsim nyog ncua sijhawm ntxiv, hnub tsis pub dhau ntawd hloov tau mus ua 5 hnub ntxiv.
   

Yog koj tus menyuam muaj kev xiam oob qhab lossis tau txais kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb, muaj ib co cai ntxiv uas yuavtsum siv rau lub tsev kawm ntawv. Kom paub ntxiv hu rau Minnesota Disability Law Center ntawm (612) 332-1441 lossis 1(800) 292-4150.

Rooj plaub feem ntau tshwmsim rau ib tug kws mloog plaub ntaug hnov, uas zoo li tus kws txiav txim. Tus kws mloog plaub ntug yuav txheeb lus qhia seb pom zoo licas rau pab pawg coj koog tsev kawm ntawv uas yuavtsum yog “xa ntawv” tuaj rau pab pawg coj koog tsev kawm ntawv thiab niam txiv 2 hnub tom qab hais rooj plaub. Pab pawg coj koog tsev kawm ntawv yuav txiav txim qhov kawg txog kev rho tus menyuam kawm ntawv tawm.  Qhov kev txiav txim ntawd yuavtsum tshwmsim rau ib rooj sablaj tsis pub dhau 5 hnub tom qab pab pawg coj koog tsev kawm ntawv tau txaiv daim ntawv lus pom zoo kom ua.

Tshawb nrhiav seb pab pawg coj koog tsev kawm ntawv sablaj rau thaum twg. Yog tus kws mloog plaub ntug pom zoo rho tawm, tus menyuam thiab niam txiv muaj feem mus rau rooj sablaj thiab nug koog tsev kawm ntawv kom tsis txhob rho tawm lossis kom muab lub sijhawm rho tawm ntawv txo luv zog. Pab pawg coj koog tsev kawm ntawv yuavtsum tau txiav txim zaum kawg sau ntaub ntawv thiab yuavtsum muab cov lub qhia tseeb txog lawv txoj kev txiav txim.

Yog koj tsis pom zoo nrog pab pawg coj koog tsev kawm ntawv txoj kev txiav txim, koj muaj feem rov hais dua. Txoj kev txiav txim yuavtsum muaj lus qhia txog kev yuav rov hais dua.

• Lub Sijhawm Raug Rho Tawm: Kev raug rho tawm txhais tias tus menyuam tsis muaj cai mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv kom txog li 12 lub hlis. Pab pawg coj koog tsev kawm ntawv muaj feem muab tus menyuam kawm ntawv rho tawm luv tshaj 12 hlis, tiamsis yuav txhaum cai yog tias raug rho tawm ntev tshaj 12 lub hlis. Yog nqa phom tuaj pem tsev kawm ntawv, lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj feem muab rho tawm tsawb kawg yog 12 lub hlis.

• Lwm Txoj Kev Kawm Ntawv: Cov tsev kawm ntawv yeem tseem yuav tau qhia ntawv rau cov menyuam uas raug rho tawm. Cov menyuam uas raug rho tawm muaj cai tau “lwm txoj kev kawm ntawv pabcuam.” Qhov no kuj yuav yog xws li mus rau hom kev kawm ntawv Alternative Learning Center (ALC) lossis kawm ntawv hauv tsev nrog ib tug xibfwb saib xyuas. Cov kev pabcuam yuavtsum yog tsim los saib kom tus menyuam kawm ntawv yeej kawm tau zus mus rau kom kawm tiav thiab npaj tus menyuam rau lub sijhawm rov tuaj rau lub tsev kawm ntawv tom qab kev raug rho tawm xaus lawm.

• Kev Cuv Npe Rau Lwm Koog Tsev Kawm Ntawv: Yog tias ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv tau raug rho tawm lawm, nws yuav tsis yog raug txwv mus kawm ntawv rau lwm koog tsev kawm ntawv. Koog tsev kawm ntawv uas tau rho nws tawm tsis muaj cai rho nws tawm ntawv lwm koog tsev kawm ntawv. Ib koog tsev kawm ntawv txawv muaj feem txwv ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv uas raug rho tawm los ntawm txoj txheej txheem hu ua txwv. Kev txwv yuavtsum muaj ntaub ntawv sau thiab ib rooj plaub zoo xws li rooj muaj rau kev rho tawm uas sau saud ntawm daim ntawv tseeb no. Kev txwv kav tsis tau mus dhau lub caij uas kawm ntawv xaus xyoo ntawd.

Cov tsev kawm ntawv tejzaum yuav muab kev xaiv lossis lwm txoj kev dua li ntawm qhov raug rho tawm. Pivtxwv, ib lub tsev kawm ntawv kuj muaj feem nug seb koj puas pom zoo rho koj tus menyuam tawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tej thaum qhov ua li no hu ua “kev pom zoo vim yuav raug rho tawm” lossis ua “tso cai tsis hais rooj plaub raug rho tawm.” Lossis tejzaum lawv yuav nug koj kom pom zoo cia li muab koj tus menyuam hloov tsev kawm ntawv hauv koog ntawd mus rau lwm lub nyob tib koog.

Tej yam uas zoo los ntawm kev pom zoo tejzaum yog:

• Lub tsev kawm ntawv pom zoo muab txhua yam uas hais txog qhov tus menyuam raug rho tawm ntawd sau rho tawm ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv.
• The school agrees to provide educational services.Lub tsev kawm ntawv pom zoo muab ib co kev pab kawm ntawv rau nws.
• Koj yuav mus ceev dua txog kev npaj kawm tshaj qhov uas mus hais rooj plaub rho tawm kev kawm.
   

Tej yam uas tsis zoo los ntawm kev pom zoo yog:

• koj muab koj txoj cai mus hais rooj plaub thiab tej zaum muab koj ib co kevcai lichoj tso tseg
• kev txais kev kawm ntawv thiab kev pabcuam tejzaum yuav tsawg
• tejzaum koj yuav muaj teebmeem nrhiav ib lub tsev kawm ntawv rau tus menyuam
   

Nws zoo tshaj yog tias koj tham nrog ib tug kws lijchoj ua ntej txais ib qhov kev uas muab rau koj, thiab kom koj xav zoo txog seb cov lus uas muaj ntawm yog dabtsi.

Yog koj tus menyuam yuav raug rho tawm, nco ntsoov txog tej yam no:

• Nug kom tsev kawm ntawv muab kev pab ntxov. Lub tsev kawm ntawv tejzaum kuj muab kev pab thiab kev pabcuam ntxiv. Tej yam no tejzaum yuav tiv thaiv tau qhov teebmeem tom ntej thiab cheem tau tus menyuam tus cwj pwm kom tsis zoo tshaj qub.
   
• Tham nrog tib tug kws lijchoj. Nrhiav ib tug kws lijchoj ntawm www.lawhelpmn.org/hm/providers-and-clinics lossis ntawm daim ntawv qhia cov kws lijchoj dawb thiab pheejyig uas lub tsev kawm ntawv yuavtsum muab rau koj.
• Luam txhua yam uas koj tau txais khaws cia. Khaws txhua daim ntawv uas muaj txog cov tsab xovtooj sib tham, cov ntawv xa tuaj qhia, thiab cov tsab ntawv tuaj ntawm tsev kawm ntawv thiab koog tsev kawm ntawv tuaj. Saib kom zoo tias txhua yam yeej muaj hnub tim, sijhawm, thiab qhia tus neeg uas koj nrog tham. Luam txhua yam uas koj muab rau lub tsev kawm ntawv.
   
• Paub cov cai koj muaj. Cov cai koj muaj uas sau rau daim ntawv tseeb no yog raws cov uas hu ua cai tebchaws uas pejxeem muaj vim kev raws lijchoj. Nws yog ib yam uas tseemceeb tias koj paub txog, thiab koj yuav tau hais kom lawv ua raws.
   
• Saib xyuas kom koj tus menyuam tau txais lwm txoj kev kawm ntawv. Menyuam kawm ntawv feem ntau rau tshem tawm ua ntej ces mam raug rho tawm. Lub tsev kawm ntawv yuavtsum pib muab lwm txoj kev qhia ntawv rau nws tom qab 5 hnub ntawm kev
   
• raug tshem tawm. Saib xyuas kom tej yam no tshwmsim, thiab koom tes nrog lub tsev kawm ntawv los saib xyuas tias lawv yeej ua ntau txaus los pab tus menyuam kawm ntawv kom nce tau txoj kev kawm.