Cov Neeg Xaub Tsev Cov Cai Lawv Muaj Hauv Lub Xeev Minnesota

Ib daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev hu ua “lease” yog qho kev pom zoo txaus siab los ntawm tus neeg xauj tsev thiab tus tswv tsev thaum xauj lub tsev rau nws nyob.  Daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev mas feem ntau yeej muab sau cia, tabsis tej thaum kuj yog cias li hais lus xwb.  Daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev yuav tsum yog muab sau ua ib daim ntawv yog tias koj yuav xauj nyob ntsev tshaj li 1 lub xyoos.  Tej tug tswv tsev ntawm tej lub tsev building xauj es tsis loj ces lawv xav kom qhov coj lus xauj tsev no yog ua lus hais pom zoo nrog rau tus neeg xauj tsev xwb.  Ua li nov los yeej raug kev raug cai kawg tabsis yuav zoo tshaj rau koj mas yuav tsum muab sau ua ntawv cia.  Yog hais tias lub tsev xauj apartment ntawd muaj li 12 chav los ntau chav tshaj, ces tus tswv tsev yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev es yog sau ceev cia.

Thaum koj muaj ib daim ntawv sau txog cog lus xauj tsev, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum luam ib daim qauv ntawm daim ntawv xauj tsev rau koj.  Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev tsis kam luam ib daim qauv rau koj, ces yuav sis pub tus tswv siv daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev nram tsev hais plaub.

Raws li ib txwm paub mas muaj 2 hom ntawv cog lus xauj tsev nyob, daim ntawv xauj tsev hu ua fixed term leases thiab daim ntawv xauj tsev periodic leases.  Hom ntawv xauj tsev cog lus es koj kos npe yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam txog txoj cai koj muaj es yog ib tug neeg xauj tsev nyob.

Daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev hu ua fixed term lease nov yog daim ntawv xauj tsev muaj caij.  Qhov kev xauj tsev hom no mas tas thaum lub sij tau teev tseg.  Txoj cai koj muaj nyob hauv tsev xauj no ces xaus rau hnub ntawd lawm.  Feem ntau hom xauj tsev muaj caij no mas yog ntev li 6 lub hlis mus rau 1 lub xyoos.  Yog tsis tauj qhov kev xauj tsev muaj caij no thaum hnub es xaus lawm, koj tsis tas yuav sau ntawv ceeb toom rau tus tswv tsev li.  Tej daim ntawv coj lus xauj tsev muaj caij no mas kuj muaj tej zaum ho hais tias koj yuav tsum tau sau ntawv qhia, tabsis yuav tsum tau muaj sau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev.  Cov cai kuj yuav txawv zog yog tias koj cov nqi tsev muaj kev pab them nqi los ntawm tsoom fwv.  Mus saib hauv ntu es hais txog cov tsev luam thiab cov tsev pab them nqi tsev los ntawm tsoom fwv hauv phau ntawv no pib ntawm nploog 68.

Tej daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev hu ua fixed term lease no kuj muaj qhov tauj siv taus maus tiv los yog automatic renewal. Qhov no txais hais tias daim ntawv cog lus no pib dua tshiab (rov rub hnub nyoog dua) ntxiv rau qhov sij hawm es tau teev rau daim ntawv es tau teev rau daim ntawv cog lus ua ntej tshwj tsis yog tias koj twb yeej tau sau ntawv ceeb toom qhia ua ntej rau tus tswv tsev ua ntej lawm es qhia tias koj yeej npaj yuav tawm tsev thaum lub sij hawm koj xauj tsev los xaus.  Tus tswv tsev yuav tsum ceeb toom koj ua ntej hais tias koj daim ntawv cog lus yuav cia ntxiv hnub nyoog ntxiv rau taus maus tiv.  Ceeb toom ua ntej mas yuav tsum ntev li 15-30 hnub ua ntej koj qhov ceeb toom tawm tsev tag sij hawm.  Saib koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev kom paub txog qhov kev ceeb toom thaum twg mas tag sij hawm.  Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev tsis muab daim ntawv ceeb toom rau koj, daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev no yuav tsis rub hnub nyoog ntxiv dua tshiab.  Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev muab daim ntawv ceeb toom no rau koj txog qhov kev tauj hnub nyoog, koj yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia rau koj tus tswv tsev tias koj yeej yuav tawm tsev ua ntej thaum tag lub sij hawm.  Tsis li ntawd ces koj yuav raug them rau cov nqi xauj tsev es raws li cov lus tau hais hauv daim ntawv cog lus thaum koj tawm.

Daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev no mas tsis muaj caij nyoog teev kom meej rau qhov es xauj tsev nyob.  Nws pib thaum xub xub xauj kiag tsev nyob mus txog ntua thaum tus tswv tsev los yog neeg xauj tsev xaus daim ntawv xauj tsev no.  Xauj nyob ib hlis dhau ib hli yog feem ntau rau qhov xauj tsev hom no.

Yuav kom xaus qhov xauj tsev tsim muaj caij nyoog teev cia no mas, tus tswv tsev los yog tus neeg xauj tsev yuav tsum sau ib daim ntawv ceeb toom us ntej li ib lub nqi tsev ua ntej.  Qhov no txhais tau hais tias yog koj yuav xaus qhov cog lus xauj tsev no mas koj yuav tsum tau sau ntawv ceeb toom qhia rau koj tus tswv tsev paub ua ntej hnub es yuav them lub nqi tsev ua hli kawg.  Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev xav kom xaus koj qhov xauj tsev no ces nws yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv ceeb toom rau koj tib yam nkaus

Piv txwv, koj yog ib tug neeg xauj tsev es xauj hli dhau hli xwb los yog xauj ib ntus periodic lease, thiab koj xav tawm rau thaum lub Rau hli ntuj hnub tim 1.  Lub hli kawg koj nyob ces yuav yog lub Tsib hlis ntuj thiab qho nqi tsev es koj them rau lub Tsib Hlis ces yog lub Tsib Hlis hnub tim 1.  Koj yuav tsum tau muab daim ntawv koj sau ceeb toom rau tus tswv tsev tias koj yuav tawm rau nws tsis pub dhau ib tag hmo ntawm lub Plaub Hlis ntuj Hnub tim 30.

Txawm hais tias thaum kawg koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev yuav yog daim twg los xij, nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo es muab sau ua ntaub ntawv cia kom zam tau cov teeb meem yav tom ntej no es tshwm sim rau koj thiab tus tswv tsev.  Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev tsis kam muab qhov kev cog lus xauj tsev no sau teev tseg rau hauv ntaub ntawv, sau ib daim ntawv xa mus rau tus tswv tsev txog qhov koj xav tias cov cai ntawm daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev yog cov no.  Luam ib daim qauv ntawm daim ntawv no rau koj tus kheej.  Kev sib hais lus pom zoo kuj siv tau li txoj cai thiab yeej khi tau neb qhov kev pom zoo, tab sis nws yuav yog ib qho nyuaj coj los siv ua pov thawj txog neb qhov kev pom zoo.  Ib daim ntawv es muab sau cia yuav pab tau rau koj ua kev pov thawj nrog rau tej lus neb hais txog kev pom zoo.

Ua ntej koj kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev nrog rau tus tswv tsev, nyeem txhua txhua daim ntawv kom zoo zoo.  Saib kom zoo kom koj nkag siab txog cov kev pom zoo ua ntej koj kos npe.  Yog hais tias koj xav hloov cov kev cog lus xauj tsev, koj yuav tsum tau ua rov hauv qab no:

1. Tham nrog tus tswv tsev txog tej yam sib txawv ntawm cov lus cog lus xauj tsev ntawm daim ntawv xauj tsev no.  Ua siab ntev thiab ua twb zoo qhia rau koj tus tswv tsev hais tias qhov hloov es koj xav hloov.  Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev tsis kam tsis pom zoo nrog rau qhov es koj xav hloov, Ua siab ntev thiab ua twb zoo piav qhia tias vim li cas koj thiaj li xav hloov. Xyuas seb koj thiab koj thiab koj tus tswv tsev puas pom zoo txog cov lus hloov es koj thiab tus tswv tsev neb ob leeg pom zoo nrog.
    
2. Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev pom zoo rau qhov koj hloov, muab sau cia tag nrho cov hloov es koj thiab koj tus tswv tsev neb pom zoo rau daim ntawv cog lus nyob hauv daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim tias yog thaum koj muaj teeb meem, tej zaum koj yuav tsis muaj pov thawj txog tej kev nej pom zoo ua ke es tsuas yog siv tham xwb.
    
3. Koj thiab koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau sau tus tsiaj ntawv ntawm neb lub npe ntawm ib sab cov kev hloov.
    
4. Tag nrho cov kev hloov es tau hloov thiab twb muab neb lub npe tus tsiaj ntawv kos rau lawm; koj thiab koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev.
    

Koj kuj nug tau kom tus tswv tsev kos npe rau daim ntawv xauj tsev es koj tau sau.  Saib nploog 59 (sample lease) kom pom cov link es muaj cov ntaub ntawv piv txwv.

Daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev no khi ob leeg tib si ntawm tus tswv tsev thiab koj txog qhov tias lub tsev no xauj ntev npaum li cas.  Qhov no txhais rau neb ob leeg hais tias koj thiab tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau ua raws nraim li cov cai ntawm daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev no.  Cov lus cog tseg nyob rau hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev no yog:

• hnub twg qhov kev xauj tsev mam pib thiab thaum twg mam xaus

• hnub twg mam them nqi tsev

• hnub twg daim daim ntawv ceeb toom kev tawm tsev yuav tsum tau sau qhia

• qhov nyiaj es muab tab nqi xauj tsev (security deposit) thiab qhov nyiaj ho them rau dabtsi

• cov sij hawm thaum tus tswv tsev nkag tau rau hauv koj lub tsev apartment

• cov cai nres tsheb

• leej twg them cov nqi heat, nqi fai fab, nqi dej, thiab lwm yam nqi them rau cov khoom siv hauv vaj hauv tsev

• yuav kho tsev li cas

• muab khib nyiab pov tseg

• tsiaj yug hauv tsev

• cov qhua tuaj saib koj

• Koj Xaub Lub Tsev Tabsis Ho Muab Xauj Rau Lwm Tus (Subletting)

• kho tub yees thiab qhov cub
   

Cov tswv tsev hais tsis tau rau koj tias koj yuav tsum tau kho los yog tu qab vag tsib taug (xws lis txiav nyom) tshwj tsis yog tias koj pom zoo ua cov hauj lwm no es yog muab sau cia thiab koj yeej raug them nyiaj thaum koj ua cov hauj lwm no.  Yeej them tau nyiaj rau koj es yog txo koj qhov nqi xauj tsev kom qis mentsis los yog them ncaj qha rau koj los ntawm tus tswv tsev.

Tus tswv tsev kuj yuav nug koj lub npe thiab koj lub hnub yug muab sau rau koj daim ntawv thov xauj tsev thiab kuj yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv no sau rau hauv koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev.

Txoj cai lij choj nyob hauv lub xeev Minnesota txwv qhov nqi kom tsis pub them siab tshaj 8% es lig ntawm tus nqi tsev es tsis tau them.  Yog hais tias koj nyob rau cov tsev es tsoom fwv pab them nqi tsev ib nrab (piv txwv tsev Section 8) qhov nqi tsub rau koj them tej zaum yuav siab zog tabsis tsuas yog txoj cai hauv lub teb chaws tso cai.

Koj yeej yuav yog tus neeg raug them cov nqi hais plaub yog tias koj yuav tau mus tiv thaiv koj tus kheej thaum muaj rooj plaub foob koj los yog koj yuav tau foob tus tswv tsev rau tej yam es nyob rau hauv daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev, tus tswv tsev kuj yuav tau them cov nqi yog tias tus tswv tsev foob koj.

Ntawm txoj cai lij choj nyob hauv lub xeev Minnesota, txhua txhua qhov kev cog lus nyob rau ntawv xauj tsev txawm tias yog muab sau cia los yog sib tham ua lus hais xwb los yeej muab xam tau qeej yam kev ua txhaum txoj cai yuav txwv tsis pub ua nyob rau ib puag ncig ntawm lub tsev los ntawm tus neeg xauj tsev los yog tus tswv tsev.  Tej yaj es txhaum cai kuj yog cov es cia neeg ua niam ntiav los yog tej yam es muaj feem xyuaj nrog kev ua niam ntiav, siv phom los muaj phov es tsis raws txoj cai, los yog tsim yeeb tsim tshuaj, yuav yeeb yuav tshuaj, muaj yeeb muaj tshuaj, muag yeeb muaj tshuaj, faib yeeb faib tshuaj es tsis raug cai los yog nyiag khoom vaj khoom tsev es nyob ze ib puag ncig.  Cov caij lij choj no yuav tshem tsis tau tawm los yog hloov los ntawm tus tswv tsev los yog cov neeg xauj tsev nyob.

Yog hais tias kog tsis ua raws li tej kev cog lus, koj txoj kev muaj cai es nyob qhov chaw ntawd ces tag lawm.  Tus tswv tsev kuj yuav xa ntaub ntawv mus rau nram tsev hais plaub (kuj hu hais tias unlawful detainer) xub koj vim koj tsis ua raws li kev cog lus.  Tus tswv tsev kuj ua tau li no yam tsis tas yuav ceeb toom ua ntej rau koj yog tias tej cai no koj yeej tsis ua raws.  Rooj plaub es mus mloog sib tham sib sab laj mas yuav muaj kev teem caij sai li 5 hnub tom qab tus tswv tsev pib qhov txheej txheem ncaws tawm tsev.

Muaj tej cov nqi lus ntawm cov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cog lus es koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj.  Saib koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev kom tsis txhob muaj cov ncauj lus hauv qab no.

• Tso cai rau tus tswv tsev kom pub nws nkag los rau hauv koj lub tsev apartment txhua txhua lub sij hawm.  Tus tswv tsev yuav nkag tsis tau los hauv koj lub tsev tshwj tsis yog tias nws ceeb toom ua ntej rau koj, tshwj tsis yog tias muaj kev kub ntxov es yuav tsum tau nkag xwb.  Yog hais tias daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev yeej tau hais lawm tias tus tswv tsev yeej nkag tau los saib koj lub tsev apartment los yog qhib lub tsev rau lwm tus neeg tshiab yuav los xauj lub tsev nyob lub sij hawm twg los tau, yam es tus tswv tsev tsis tas muab lus ceeb toom rau koj, qhov no yog ib qho tsis ncaj ncees yog li koj yuav tsum tau kom muab hloov.  Muab hloov kom nyeej hais tias “tus tswv tshev yeej nkag tau los hauv lub tsev apartment yog tias muaj sij hawm ceeb toom qhia 24 xuab moo ua ntej kom thiaj li kho tau tej qho es puas tsuaj los yog qhib rau tus neeg yuav xauj tsev tom ntej no xauj tsev nyob.  “Mus saib Kev Muaj Cai Txog Tsis Pub Neeg Sab Nraud Nkag Los ntawm nploog 22.   Nco ntsoov hais kom tus tswv tsev sau tus tsiaj ntawv ntawm nws lub npe rau qhov hloov ntawm daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev.

• Qhov "acceleration los yog escalation clause."  Qhov no txhais tau tias koj yuav tsum tau them cov nqi xauj tsev kom tag nrho seb koj xauj tsev ntev npaum li cas thaum koj them nqi tsev txhua hli mus lig.

• Tso cai rau koj tus tsev tsev tsim tej cai tshiab taus maus tiv los tswj los yog cia li nce nqi tsev yam hais tsis tau qhov tseeb thaum lub sij hawm koj tseem xauj tsev nyob.

Tej yam piv txwv ntawm cov es nyob hauv daim ntawv cog lus es tsis raug cai ces yog cov es

• Hais tias tus tswv tsev muaj cai ncaws koj tawm tsev yam tsis muaj kev saj laj hauv tsev hais plaub

• Hais tias tus tswv tsev tsis tas yuav kho tsev los yog tu vaj tu tsev ib puag nci es tsab cai lij choj tau hais tseg

• Zam rau tus tswv tsev kom nws tsis txhob them rau tej yam puas tshuaj ntawm lub tsev txawm tias qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawd yeej yog tim tus tswv tsev los yog

• Pub koj tus tswv tsev khaws qhov nyiaj koj muab tab (security deposit) vim rau qhov koj tawm tsev rau thaum lub sij ntawm 6 lub hlis (within 6 months).
   

Tus tswv tsev tsis muaj cai yuam kom koj ua li tej yam es tsis raug cai nyob hauv daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev.  Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev es muaj tej yam tsis raug cai es koj tsis tas yuav ua raws qhov nqe lus es tsis raws txoj cai.

Thaum koj xauj ib lub tsev apartment, ceev cov ntaub ntawv cog lus pom zoo xauj tsev, daim ntawv tab nyiaj thiab them nqi tsev, daim ntawv qhia txog qhov es tshuaj ntsuam tau, cov ntawv sau, thiab tag nrho cov ntawv txog koj lub tsev apartment khaws cia rau ib qho chaw kom tsis muaj neeg kov tau. 

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev es koj khaws tag nrho cov ntawv receipts es koj them nyiaj.  Koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv receipt rau koj thaum koj them nqi tsev yog tias koj them nyiaj ntsuab.

Yog tias koj them es sau tshev money order, koj yeej tseem yuav tsum kom tau txais ib daim ntawv them nyiaj receipt los ntawm tus tswv tsev.  Tab sis daim tw tshev ntawm daim nyiaj money order kuj muab xam tau tias yog ib qho pov thawj tias koj yeej tau them rau tus tswv tsev lawm yog tias qhov nyiaj ntawm daim tshev yeej ntau sib npaug li koj qhov nqi tsev, muaj hnub vas thib sau rau daim tshev es yog hnub es yuav tau them nqi tsev, thiab yeej muaj tus tswv tsev lub npe nyob hauv daim tshev.

Ceev faj yog tias koj tus tswv tsev tsis tshua kam muaj daim ntawv them nyiaj receipt rau koj.  Qhov no kuj yuav txhais tau tias yuav muaj lwm yam teeb meem tshwm sim lawm yav tawm ntej.

Ceev faj thaum koj xaiv ib tug neeg nrog koj xauj tsev nyob.  Koj yeej yuav raug ncaws tawm tsev yog tias tus neeg nrog koj nyob ua tsis raws li cov lus cog nyob hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev.  Koj kuj yuav raug poob nyiaj them cov nqi tsev es tus neeg nrog koj nyob tsis them nws qhov nqi tsev.  Yog hais tias muaj ntau tshaj li ib tug neeg xauj tsev los yog apartment nyob ua ke, ib leeg xwb yuav yog tus es muaj cai muaj kev lav phib xaub los them tag nrho qhov nqi tsev xauj. Qhov no txhais tias yog ib tug neeg nrog koj nyob tsis them nws qho nqi tsev, lwm tus yuav tsum tau them.  Yog hais tias tus neeg nrog koj nyob tawm tsev, koj yuav tau them tag nrho qhov nqi tsev ntawm koj tus kheej los yog tias tus tswv tsev yuav ncaws koj tawm.  Tab sis koj yeej foob tau tus neeg nrog koj nyob yog hais tias lawv tawm tsev es tsis pab koj them qhov nqi tsev.  Qee rooj, mas koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev yeej sau meej tias koj tsuas muaj feem xyuam kev lav phib xaub them qhov nqi sib faib them ntawm lub tsev xauj.  Tiv tauj koj tus kws lij choj los yog tus neeg sawv cev rau cov neeg xauj tsev nyob tham yog tias muaj tej no tshwm sim rau koj.

Yog ib tug neeg xauj tsev hauv lub xeev Minnesota, koj yeej muaj cov cai hauv qab no:                         

• Koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai nyob hauv koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev.

• Koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tswj koj lub tsev apartment kom muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo thiab kom txhob muaj kev phom sij

• Koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tswj kom koj lub apartment kom txhob puas tsuaj.  Lub tsev kom sawv ruaj khov, tej teeb fai fab, kav dej thiab lwm yam khoom siv yuav tsum kho kom ua hauj lwm kom txhob muaj kev phom sij thiab kom ua hauj lwm zoo.

• Koj yeej muaj txoj cai hu rau cov neeg tswj vaj tsa xauj hauv lub zos, tswj kev noj qab nyob zoo, kev phom sij, thiab hu cov neeg soj ntsuam txog hluav taws thiab nug kom lawv tuaj tshuaj ntsuam xyuas txog koj lub tsev apartment (yog tias muaj cov neeg no nyob ze ntawm koj lub zos)

• Koj lub tsev building yuav tsum muaj cov rwb thaiv cua ntawm phab ntsa thiab muaj tej yam dabtsi los tiv thaiv thaum lub caij ntuj no yog tias lub tsev ntawd tsim muag ua ntej 1976.

• Koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau ua raws cov caij li choj txog cov caiv nyoog huab cua hloov es kho tsev xws li siv nab kaus txhaws tej kis tsev kom cua txhob nkag tau los, thiab kho tej qhov raws kom zoo kom thiaj li tsis them nqi fai kim kim.

• Koj muaj txoj cai kom nyob tau ntsiag tos thiab nyob kaj siab lug hauv koj lub tsev xauj apartment.  Koj muaj txoj cai kom tsis muaj neeg thab koj thiab tsis muaj kev niaj hnub zes koj.  Tus tsev tsev yeej tsis pub kom nws ces qee yam kev txhaum cai kom tshwm sim ib puag ncig ntawm koj lub tsev xauj xws lis kev ua niam ntiav los yog tej yam es muaj feem xyuam nrog kev ua niam ntiav, siv phom los muaj phov es tsis raws txoj cai, los yog tsim yeeb tsim tshuaj, yuav yeeb yuav tshuaj, muaj yeeb muaj tshuaj, muag yeeb muaj tshuaj, faib yeeb faib tshuaj es tsis raug cai los yog nyiag khoom vaj khoom tsev es nyob ze ib puag ncig.  Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev tsis ua raws cov cai nov, koj yeej foob tau lawm.

• Koj yeej muaj txoj cai hu tau tub ceev xwm los yog kev pab thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov thaum muaj kev sib ntaus ntawm ib khub niam txiv los yog lwm yam kev sib ntaus.  Koj tus tswv tsev tsub tsis tau txim rau koj vim koj tau ua tej no.

• Koj muaj cai kom tsis pub neeg nkag los los hauv koj lub tsev xauj thiab txwv tsis pub koj tus tswv tsev nkag los hauv koj lub tsev apartment xauj yam tsis tau kev tso cai los ntawm koj.  Tus tswv tsev tsuas nkag tau los hauv koj lub tsev yam tsis tau kev tso cai mas yuav tsum yog koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev tau sau tseg tias tus tswv tsev yeej nkag tau, los yog tias thaum twg muaj kev kub ntxhov, los yog tias tus tswv tsev yeej muaj qhov laj thawj txaus es yuav tsum tau nkag los thiab yeej sim  muab sij hawm txaus ceeb toom rau koj.  Nco ntsoov tias, txawm tias daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev yeej tau hais tias tus tswv tsev yeej nkag tau los hauv koj lub tsev xauj apartment es tsis tas tau kev tso cai, lawv yeej yuav tsum tau muab lub sij hawm kev ceeb toom ua ntej rau koj.

• Koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau muab nws lub npe thiab chaw nyob rau koj.

• Koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsis pub lawv xaus koj qhov kev xauj tsev, nce nqi xauj tsev, los yog txiav tej kev pab yam tsis muaj kev sau ntawv ceeb toom qhia kom raug cai.

• Koj tus tswv tsev tsis pub kom nws ncaws koj tawm los yog pauj kev ntsim siab rau koj (kom raug rov qab rau koj) vim koj muaj kev tawm tsam los yog siv koj txoj cai koj muaj es koj yog ib tug neeg xauj tsev.

• Nyob hauv lub nroog Minneapolis thiab ntau lub nroog, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau muaj daim ntawv tso cai (license) xauj tsev.

• Koj tus tswv tsev tsis pub kom lawv kaw fai fab, dej, kev (utilities) los yog muab koj xauv tsis pub nkag los hauv koj lub tsev apartment.

• Koj tus tswv tsev kuj tsis pub kom lawv quab yuam koj tawm hauv koj lub tsev apartment yam tsis tau mus sib hais hauv tsev hais plaub.

• Koj muaj cai kom rov qab tau koj cov nyiaj koj muab tab los yog cas tsev, nrog rau cov paj, ntawm (21 hnub) tom qab koj tawm tsev es muab koj lub chaw nyob tshiab rau koj tus tswv tsev.  Qhov no tsis muaj tseeb yog tias lub tsev building yeej poob rau qhov tias neeg tsis taus lawm vim puas tag (condemned) (mus saib nploog 26).  Tab sis koj tus tswv tsev kuj txiav tau ib qhov nyiaj ntawm qhov koj muab cas (security deposit) los them rau qhov puas tsuaj ntawm lub tsev thiab cov nqi tsev es koj tsis tau them.  Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev yuav ua li no los lawv  yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv ceeb toom piav kom meej tsis pub dhau 3 asthiv.  Koj tus tswv tsev yuam tsis tau kom koj them tej yam puas yeej yuav puas thaum koj tsuj nws mus mus los los (normal wear and tear) ntawm lub tsev apartment.

• Koj tus tswv tsev kuj tsis pub kom lawv ceev koj ib co khoom cia vim koj tsis tau them nqi xauj tsev.

• Koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsuv muab ib daim ntawv pov thawj tias koj them nqi tsev xauj hu ua (CPR) kom koj thiaj li coj mus ua se tau.

• Koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau qhia rau koj paub txog cov es lawv tuaj kuaj tau es puas tsuaj los es raug nplua nyiaj (citation) tau sau rau tus tswv tsev (mus saib nploog 35)

• Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev tsub nqi rau koj them rau daim ntawv sau thov tsev xauj nyob, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau qhia koj txog lub npe, chaw nyob thiab xov tooj ntawm lub chaw kuaj neeg cov keeb kwm es lawv yuav siv.

• Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev tsub qhov nqi cas tuav lub tsev rau koj xauj (los yog hu tias “deposit-to-hold’) thiab nws ho tsis pub koj xauj tsev lawm, lawv yuav tsum tau muab qhov nyiaj rov qab tsis pub dhau 7 hnub.

• Yog tias koj yog ib tug neeg raug tsim txom ntawm ib khub niam txiv thiab muaj ib daim ntawv tiv thaiv nram tsev hais plaub (Order for Protection or a No-Contact Order), koj yeej thim tawm tau koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev (saib nploog 42).

If your building is sold, the new owner has to follow the rules of your existing lease unless your lease says differently.  The new landlord has to follow these terms until your lease ends. If you have a periodic lease, you can force the new owner to give you proper notice before changing or ending the tenancy.

If the building is converted to condominiums you have special protections, including

• You must get a notice of conversion at least 120 days before you have to move. If your lease runs past the 120-day notice period, you have the right to stay until your lease ends. 
   
• Households with at least 1 person who is either 62 years old or older, handicapped, or a minor child can demand an additional 60 days to move. You must give the written demand for extra time within 30 days after getting the landlord's notice of conversion.
   
• You must get first option to buy your place.  After the landlord mails the notice of conversion you have 60 days to buy your home before they can try to sell it to anyone else.

Rental property can be foreclosed by mortgage lenders. If your apartment goes into foreclosure, occupants of the building will get a notice from the Sheriff called a Notice of Mortgage Foreclosure Sale. This notice tells you the date of the foreclosure sale.

Your landlord generally has 6 months from the date of the Sheriff’s sale to try and buy back the building. This time period is called the “redemption period.” You can live in your apartment during the redemption period but rent is still due. If your lease is scheduled to end or the landlord (not the bank) gives you notice to move during this time, you may have to move. Your landlord must still pay the utility bills if the lease requires it.

In most cases, tenants can stay in foreclosed rental property at least 90 days after the end of the redemption period. Tenants are entitled to a 90-day written notice to end their tenancy and the notice cannot be given sooner than the end of the redemption period.

If you have a lease from your landlord that expires later than 90 days after the end of the redemption period, you can stay in your apartment until the end of your lease. The bank must still give you a 90-day notice to end the lease and tenancy on that date.

You must pay rent and abide by the terms of your lease in order to stay.

If someone buys your apartment building or home in order to use it as their personal residence, they can make you leave earlier. However, they must still give you a 90-day notice.

If the bank did not send you a 90-day notice, but tried to evict you anyway, you can get the record of the eviction against you expunged from court records. This right applies to evictions involving foreclosures.

“Subletting” means that you lease your home to another person.  You have the right to sublet, unless your lease says you cannot. When you sublet a home you are still responsible for the things in the lease, even though you are renting it to someone else. If you think you might need to sublet later, read the lease carefully before renting to make sure subletting is allowed.  Many leases do not let you sublet but some let you if you get permission from the landlord. 

Koj muaj cov luag hauv lwm hauv qab no es yog ib tug neeg xauj tsev nyob.

• Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev nug kom koj nrhiav kom muaj cov neeg ua pov thawj (references) thaum koj sau ntawv thov apartment nyob, koj yuav tsum tau nrhiav rau lawv.

• Koj yuav tsum tau them cov nqi tsev kom ncav sij hawm.

• Koj yuav tsum tau ua raws cov cai teev ntawm koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev (tab sis koj tsis tas yuav ua raws tej kev es tsis ua raug cai hauv koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev nyob).

• Koj yuav tsum tau them rau tej qhov kev puas tsuaj es yog puas tshaj li qhov puas vim tsuj mus mus los los hauv koj lub tsev apartment yog tias koj muaj kev lav phib xaub.

• Yuav tsis pub koj thab lwm twm neeg xauj tsev.

• Koj yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv ceeb toom koj thwj toob thaum koj xav tawm tsev.

• Tsis pub kom nws ces qee yam kev txhaum cai kom tshwm sim ib puag ncig ntawm koj lub tsev xauj xws lis kev ua niam ntiav los yog tej yam es muaj feem xyuam nrog kev ua niam ntiav, siv phom los muaj phov es tsis raws txoj cai, los yog tsim yeeb tsim tshuaj, yuav yeeb yuav tshuaj, muaj yeeb muaj tshuaj, muag yeeb muaj tshuaj, faib yeeb faib tshuaj es tsis raug cai los yog nyiag khoom vaj khoom tsev es nyob ze ib puag ncig. 

Ib tug tswv tsev yeej nkag tsis tau los hauv koj lub tsev apartment tshwj tsis yog tias muaj tej yam tseem ceeb yuav tau nkag THIAB lawv yuav tsum ceeb toom rau koj.  Cov cai no tsis hais txog thaum muaj tej kev kub ntxhov es yuav tsum tau nkag mus hauv koj lub tsev.

Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua kom nyuaj rau tus tswv tsev es xav nkag los hauv koj lub tsev xauj los kho tej yam es puas.  Nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo kom muaj kev pom zoo ua ntej tias lub sij hawm twg yog lub sij hawm zoo nkag los hauv tsev.  Nws yog ib qho zoo es muab tej kev pom zoo no sau ua ntawv thiab khaws ib daim qauv rau koj tus kheej.

Vim Yog Muaj Ib Qho Lag Luam
Tus tswv tsev yuav tsum muaj laj thawj li ib qho lag luam mas thiaj li yuav nkag tau los hauv koj lub tsev apartment.  Piv txwv ntawm cov laj thawj lag luam yog

• qhib rau tus neeg es xav xauj chav tsev ntawm tau saib

• qhib chav tsev rau tus neeg xav yuav lub tsev, tus neeg muag pab kas phais, los yog tus kuaj seb lub tsev raug nqi li cas

• nkag los kho vaj kho tsev

• cia rau ib tug neeg tuaj nram tsoom fwv qhov chaw ua hauj lwm los kuaj lub tsev

• koj phej thab los yog ua rau cov neeg xauj nyob ntawm cov ib ncig koj tsis tau zoo nyob

• tus tswv tsev yeej ntseeg tias koj yeej tsis ua raws li cov cai nyob rau hauv daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev sab hauv koj lub tsev apartment

• tus tswv tsev muaj kev ntseeg tias muaj ib tug neeg nrog koj nyob hauv koj lub tsev apartment es nws tsis muaj cai nyob hauv.

• koj tawm tsis nyob hauv chav tsev ntawd lawm.
   

Feem ntau, yog tias tus tswv tsev muab ib daim ntawv ceeb toom rau koj lawm ces lawv yeej nkag tau los rau hauv koj chav tsev apartment yog tias muaj kev feem xyuam nrog lag luam.  Nco ntsoov tias qhov ua li mas tsis xam qhov es nkag los vim kev kub ntxhov.  Muab qhov kev ceeb toom no rau koj mas yog tej yam xws tso lus rau koj hauv koj lub kaw lus los yog sau ntawv lo rau koj lub qhov rooj.  Qhov ceeb toom qhia tias vim li cas lawv nkag los no mas yuav tsum muaj kom raws nraim li ntawd thaum lawv nkag los.

Piv txwv, yog tias tus tswv tsev teem caij rau ib tug neeg tuaj kho tus kav dej ib lub asthiv ua ntej lawm, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau qhia rau koj paub txog qhov teem caij ntawd ib asthiv ua ntej.  Yog tias tus tswv tsev paub tias cov neeg tuaj nram lub chaw kuaj tsev yuav tuaj kuaj tag kis ntawd es ntej lawv yuav tuaj, yuav tsum tau qhia rau koj kom sai li sai tau thaum lawv paub txog qhov es yuav tuaj kuaj.

Tsuas yog qee zaus tshwj xeeb es tus tswv tsev thiaj li nkag tau los hauv koj chav apartment yam tsis ceeb toom rau koj ua ntej. Yog  tus tswv tsev muag qhov laj thawj zoo tias muaj tej yam tshwm sim hauv koj chav tsev ces lawv yeej nkag tau los yam tsis tau ceeb toom ua ntej.  Cov no yog:

• yuav tsum tau nkag los hauv koj chav kom sai li sai tau kom cov neeg los yog tej khoom vaj khoom tsev thiaj li tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj vim yog muaj kev kho vaj kho tsev, muaj xwm txheej nrog rau tub ceev xwm

• yuav tsum tau nkag los kom sai li sai tau koj tus neeg xauj tsev nyob thiaj li muaj kev nyab xeeb

• yuav tsum tau nkag los kom sai li sai tau vim rau qhov muaj tej yam txhaum cai tshwm sim
   

Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev nkag los hauv chav tsev apartment es koj ho tsis nyob hauv lawm thiab koj ho tsis tau daim ntawv ceeb toom txog qhov no, lawv yuav tau sau ib daim ntawv tso tseg rau koj kom koj paub tias lawv nkag los rau hauv koj lub tsev thiab yog vim li cas lawv thiaj li nkag.

Ntswj Siv Txoj Cai
Koj yeej ntswj thiab siv tau txoj cai koj muaj es txog qhov es tsis pub neeg nkag los (right to privacy).  Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev nkag los es tsis muaj kev ceeb toom rau koj ua ntej, koj yeej foob tau tus tswv tsev.  Koj yeej nug kom luv tus nqi xauj kom tsawg, kom thiv cov nyiaj tab los yog cas (security deposit) thiab $100 rau ib qho nqi lus es tus tswv tsev ua txhaum cai.  Koj yeej ntswj tau txoj cai koj muaj es txog qhov es tsis pub neeg nkag los (right to privacy) rau qhov es Rent Escrow action (saib nploog 26).  Yog hais tias qhov teeb meem no phej tshwm sim, koj kuj yuav thim tawm tau kev cog lus ntawm daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev es tawm tsev.  Hu rau tus kws lij choj los yog cov chaw pab tib neeg hais plaub hauv koj lub zos yog tias koj xav tau kev pab txog qhov sau ntawv thiab xa daim ntawv tawm tsam vim rau qhov koj tiv thaiv qhov cai koj muaj txog qhov es tsis pub neeg nkag los (right to privacy).

Thaum koj them nqi tsev, ib co nyiaj ntawd yog mus them rau se av es koj lub tsev nyob.  Hauv lub xeev Minnesota, tej tus neeg xauj tsev kuj tau ib qho nyiaj no rov qab thaum ua se.  Qhov es tauj nyiaj ua se rov qab no nyob ntawm seb qhov koj khwv tau ntau npaum cas thiab seb qhov nqi tsev xauj ho them npaum cas ntawm lub xyoo ntawd.  Koj yeej tau qhov nyiaj ua se rov qab yog tias koj xauj tsev nyob rau lub tsev es tus tswv tsev tau them se av thiab koj yeej khwv nyiaj tau tsawg.

Yog yuav koj tau cov nyiaj se av no rov qab (renters' tax credit refund), xa cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no mus rau lub tuam tsev saib xyuas kev nyiaj txiag hu ua Minnesota Department of Revenue

1. Sau kom tiam daim ntawv hu ua tax refund form (M1PR) thiab
    
2. Ib daim ntawv pov thawj txog qhov nqi tsev hu ua "Certificate of Rent Paid" (CRP).
    

Koj yeej ua tau daim ntawv se no mus tau lub sij hawm twg los tau ua ntej lub Yim Hli hnub tim 15 ntawm ib xyoos ntawd.

Yog Hais Tias Tus Tswv Tsev Tsis Muab Daim Ntawv Ua Se (CRP) Rau Koj
Yog Hais Tias Tus Tswv Tsev Tsis Muab Daim Ntawv Ua Se (CRP) Rau Koj, hu rau tus tswv tsev thiab qhia kom lawv nco qab.  Yog hais tias koj tsis tau txais daim ntawv ua se CPR, ces ua raws li cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:

1. Sau ib daim ntawv rau tus tswv tsev. Sau qhov nqi tsev es koj them rau xyoo ntawd rau xyoo ntawd thiab hais kom sau ib daim CRP rau koj.  Ceev ib daim qauv ntawm rau koj.  Yog hais tias koj tsis tau txais cov lus teb li ob asthiv los ntev dua, koj kuj sim qhov txheej txheem nram qab no
    
2. Hu xov tooj rau lub tuam tsev Department of Revenue thiab nug kom lawv nplua tus tswv tsev vim lawv tsis muab daim ntawv ua se CRP rau koj.
    
3. Hais kom lub tuam tsev Department of Revenue (MDR) muab daim ntawv hu ua Rent Paid Affidavit (RPA) es koj muab sau kom tiav es tsis txhob sau daim CRP lawm.  Koj yeej sau tau email: individual.incometax@state.mn.us los yog hu rau 651-296-3781 los yog 1-800-652-9094 (hu dawb xwb).  Xav paub ntau dua kuj nrhiav tau rau hauv https://www.revenue.state.mn.us/renters-property-tax-refund. koj yuav tsum kom muaj cov ntawv them nyiaj receipts los yog lwm yam ntawv pov thawj tias qhov nqi koj them yog puas tsawg.  Yog hais tias koj tsis muaj cov ntawv them nyiaj rau nqi tsev receipts, siv koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev los yog cov ntawv es koj tau txais tuaj rau lub chaw nyob ntawd thiab lwm yam pov thawj kom pom tau tias koj yeej nyob ntawm lub chaw ntawd kom lub xeev thiaj li xam tau tias cov nqi tsev yeej them rau qhov chaw nov.
    

Koj yuav tau txais koj qhov nyiaj se rov qab thaum lub Yim Hli ntuj los yog lub Cuaj Hli, los yog 60 hnub tom qab lub tuam tsev Department of Revenue tau txais koj daim ntawv sau mus thov nyiaj se.  Yog hais tias koj muaj lus nug, hu rau lub tuam tsev Department of Revenue ntawm (651) 296-3781.

Koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau tu kom koj lub tsev zoo rau neeg nyob thiab kho vaj kho tsev kom zoo.  Nws yeej muaj cov cai hauv lub xeev es kom cov fai fab, kom qhov rais los txhob xau cua, hluav taws, thiab kev noj qab nyob zoo los kom raug cai.  Tej lub zos thiab tej lub nroog yeej muaj tej kev cai kom tswv tsev yuam tsum tau koj tej vaj tse no kom raug cai es yeej muaj cai qhia tias qhov twg yog qhov es yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo raws li cov cai.  Yog hais tias koj tsis paub txog cov cai es kho vaj tsev, hu rau koj lub zos qhov chaw kuaj tsev los yog qhov chaw teb xov tooj.

Tej yam teeb meem es yuav tau kho ces kuj yog

• cov xaim fai fab tsis zoo los yog tev tawm

• kais dej tawg thiab xau dej

• tub yees thiab qhov cub tsis ua hauj lwm

• qhov rais tawg, tsis muaj daim ntxaij, los yog tsis muaj daim qhov rooj thaiv cua hlob

• phab ntsa nti xim

• tsis muaj lub pob qhov rooj xauv kom khov kho los yog lub tshuab quaj thaum tsev kub nyhiab

• Muaj kab los yog muaj nas tsuag
   

Yog koj lub tsev muaj kab los yog muaj nas tsuag, nrhiav koj tau pov thawj, xws li cov kab es tuag lawm/quav nas tsuag es muab qhia rau tus neeg tuaj kuaj tsev los yog qhia rau lub tsev hais plaub.

Thauj kauj raum yuav los kho tej no ces yog hu rau koj tus tswv tsev.  Yog koj muaj teeb meem txog qhov es hais tsis tau koj tus tswv tsev tuaj kho tej khoom no hauv koj lub tsev apartment, muaj 3 txog hau kev es koj siv tau lub tsev hais plaub kom lawv yuam tau koj tus tswv tsev los kho tej no.

1. ua rooj plaub Rent Escrow court case (them nqi tsev rau lub tsev hais plaub). Sib nploog 28.
    
2. Foob tus tswv tsev ntawm txoj cai Minnesota Tenants Remedies Act. Saib nploog 30.
    
3. Sau daim ntawm Emergency Tenants Remedies Action koj thiaj li muaj kev kho vaj tse koj sai. Saib nploog 31.

Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev tsis kam kho qhov es puas, tus neeg xaub tseg yeej foob tau tus tswv tsev mus nram tsev hais plaub koj muaj rooj plaub hu ua Rent Escrow. Nyob rau ntawm tsab cai lij choj Rent Escrow no mas, tus neeg xauj tsev them cov nqi tsev mus rau lub tsev hais plaub, es tsis yog them mus rau tus tswv tsev, thiab yuav hais kom lub tsev hais plaub txiav txim kom tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau kho lub tsev, ua raws nraim li cov lug cog tseg nyob hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev, los yog ua raws li lub xeev qhov kev cai es tsis pub neeg sab nraud nkag los hauv lub tsev los yog privacy law.  Cov hauv qab no yog cov cai thiab txheej txheem rau qhov es them nyiaj nqi tsev mus rau tsev hais plaub (rent escrow).  Cov cai thiab cov txheej txheem hauv qab no mas tswj nruj heev thiab yuav tau ua raws nraim.  Tiv tauj ib tug kws lij choj los yog cov tsev pab neeg hais plaub hauv koj lub zos ua ntej pib rooj plaub them nyiaj nqi tsev mus rau tsev hais plaub (rent escrow). 

Ua Ntej Koj Them Koj Qhov Nqi Tsev Mus Rau Lub Tsev Hais Plaub
Koj yuav tsum tau ua ib qho ntawm ob qhov ua ntej koj them koj qhov nqi tsev mus rau lub tsev hais plaub thiab pib rooj plaub them nyiaj nqi tsev mus rau tsev hais plaub (rent escrow).  Nws zoo tshaj yog tias koj ua ob qho tib si, tabsis koj tsuas tau ib qho nram qab no xwb.

1. Siv daim ntawv hu ua tus neeg xauj tsev daim ntawv teev cov khoom es yuam tau kho (“Tenant’s Repair List”) los sau ib daim ntawv rau koj tus tswv tsev es nug kom nws kho koj lub tsev.  Daim ntawv mas yuav tsum muaj koj lub npe, lub chaw nyog, thiab teev txhua yam es koj xav kom kho hauv koj lub tsev.  Kos npe thiab sau vas thib rau daim ntawv.  Luam ib daim qauv ntawm daim ntawv no khaws cia.  Koj tus tswv tsev muaj 14 hnub tom qab lawv txais tau koj tsab ntawv es kho txhua yam nyob hauv koj teev hauv daim ntawv kom tiav.  Yog hais tias kho tsis tag cov es teev tom qab 14 hnub koj yeej coj tau daim ntawv no mus nram tsev hais plaub mus qhib rooj plaub them nyiaj nqis tsev rau tsev hais plaub (Rent Escrow).
   
     Los yog
    
2. Hu rau tus neeg kuaj tsev nyob ib hauv koj lub zos. Tus neeg kuaj tsev no yuav tuaj ntawm koj lub tsev thiab tuaj tshuaj ntsuam xyuas.  Tus neeg kuaj tsev no yuav sau ib daim ntawv qhia txog qhov es nws kuaj tau thiab muab daim ntawv no rau koj tus tswv tsev es muaj cov hnub nyoog tias ntev npaum cas es nws yuav tsum tau kho kom tiav.  Nug kom koj tau ib daim qauv es nws kuaj tau.  Koj yuav coj daim qauv es tus neeg tuaj kuaj pom no mus nram tsev hais plaub thaum koj mus qhib rooj plaub them nyiaj nqis tsev rau tsev hais plaub (Rent Escrow).  Yog tias tus neeg tuaj kuaj ntawd yeej sau qhov hnub nyoog tias txog hnub twg yuav tsum kho kom tiav, koj yuav tsum tau tos kom dhau hnub ntawd mas koj mam li mus pib rooj plaub them nyiaj nqis tsev rau tsev hais plaub (Rent Escrow). Yog hais tias koj ntseeg tias tus neeg tuaj kuaj ntawd muab sij hawm ntev dhau rau tus tswv tsev kho, koj yuav tsum tau qhia kom lub tsev hais plaub ntseeg koj tias vim li cas thiaj li ntev dhau.

Koj yuav tsum tau them tag nrho cov nqi xauj tsev es txoj caij them es them rau tus neeg tuajn ntaub ntawv hauv lub tsev hais plaub district court thaum koj mus qhib rooj plaub them nyiaj nqis tsev rau tsev hais plaub (Rent Escrow).  Yog tias koj yeej tsis tiv nqi xauj tsev, koj tsis tas yuav them ib qho nqi xauj tsev rau lub tsev hais plaub li.  Tab sis koj yuav tau them txhua hli mus rau lub tsev hais plaub txog thaum es koj rooj plaub tiav.  Nws muaj ib qho nqi rau koj them thaum koj qhib rooj plaub them nyiaj nqis tsev rau tsev hais plaub (Rent Escrow), tab sis lub tsev hais plaub kuj yuav zam qhov nqi rau koj yog tias koj them tsis tau.

• koj yuav tsum muab daim qauv ntawm tus neeg tuaj kuaj tsev muab rau koj (daim es muaj lub thwj ntaus rau mas zoo dua) los yog koj daim ntawv es koj sau mus rau tus tswv tsev es nug kom nws kho.

• Koj kuj yuav tsum tau muab tus tswv tsev lub npe thaib chaw nyob thiab khwv yees tias qhov kho tsev no yuav raug nqi npaum cas rau tus neeg tuav ntaub ntawv hauv tsev hais plaub.

• Tus neeg tuav cov ntaub ntawv nram tsev hais plaub kuj pab tau koj nrhiab daim ntawv sau rooj plaub them nyiaj nqis tsev rau tsev hais plaub (Rent Escrow petition), los yog koj kuj siv tau daim ntawv hu ua Rent Escrow Affidavit.

Yog hais tias qhov khwv yees tias qhov nqis kho tsev tus nqi tsawg tshaj $15,000, tus neeg tuav ntaub ntawv hauv lub tsev hais plaub yuav xa ib daim ntawv ceeb toom txog mus sab laj nram tsev hais plaub rau tus tswv tsev.

Yog hais tias qhov khwv yees tias qhov nqis kho tsev tus nqi ntau tshaj $15,000, koj yuav tsum hais kom lwm tus neeg (es txhob yog koj) muab daim ntawv ceeb toom txog mus sab laj nram tsev hais plaub rau tus tswv tsev.  Yog tias koj xav, ces ib tug tub ceev xwm mam nqa daim ntawv ceeb toom mus cev rau.  Tus neeg tuav ntaub ntawv hauv lub tsev hais plaub mam li pab koj nrhiav lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov tub ceev xwm rau koj thiab ib tug neeg ntawd mam li pab koj.

• Rooj sab laj nram tsev hais plaub yuav siv sij hawm li 10 mus txog 14 hnub tom qab koj them koj qhov nqi tsev mus rau nram lub tsev hais plaub.

• Coj tag nrho koj tej pov thawj mus nrog koj mus sab laj nram tsev hais plaub, nqa duab (yog tias muaj) thiab nqa cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntawv ceeb toom koj xa mus rau tus tswv tsev.  Yog tias twb muaj kev kuaj koj lub tsev tag lawm, nqa daim ntawv kuaj es tus neeg kuaj ntaus thwj los ntawm tus neeg kuaj.  Daim ntawv kuaj hu ua certified ces yog daim ntawv es muaj lub thwj ntawm lub chaw kuaj tsev ntaus rau daim ntawv thiab muaj lawv tus ntawv tes koj npe rau thiab muaj cov lus ntaus rau tias cov es kuaj tau nyob hauv daim ntawv no yeej muaj tseeb thiab raug lawm. 
   

Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Ua Tau Li Cas

• Txib kom tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau kho qhov es puas lawm.

• Cia koj kho qhov es puas thiab yuav txiav tawm cov nqi ntawd koj qhov nqi tsev

• Txo koj cov nqi tsev kom txog thaum qhov kho tsev no kom tiav lub

• Txib koj tus tswv tsev kom rov qab them ib co nqi los yog tag nrho cov nqi tsev koj them thaum cov khoom vaj tse es puas no tis tau kho.

• Txiav txim kom lwm tus neeg los mus tswj lub tsev xauj thiab kom lawv kho tsev.

• Nplua tus tswv tsev.

• Muab cov nyuaj them nqi tsev no rau koj los yog rau tus tswv tsev.

• Txiav txim kom tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau ua raws li daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev.

• Txiav txim kom tus tswv tsev yuav tsum mloog thiab ua raws li cov cai hauv lub xeev txog kev tsis pub neeg sab nraud nkag los (privacy laws).

• Txiav txim koj tus tswv tsev them cov nqi rau tus kws lij choj.
   

Ceev Faj!

Tus tswv tsev tsuas foob tau kom koj raug ncaws tawm tsev yog tib qho tias koj tsis them (tab nyiaj cas) kom tag nrho qhov nqi tsev mus nram tsev hais plaub.  Yog hais tias koj yeej cas nyiaj ntau ib yam li koj qhov nqi tsev lawm, tus tswv tsev yuav ncaws tsis tau koj tawm rau qhov es koj tsis them nqi tsev. Yog tias koj tsis muaj nyiaj kom txwm li qhov nqi tsev, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob qhib rooj plaub them nyiaj nqi tsev rau tsev hais plaub (Rent Escrow).  Koj kuj yuav raug ncaws tawm thiab poob cov nyiaj es koj them mus rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub lawm.

Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev foob koj thaum tab tom hais rooj plaub them nyiaj nqi tsev rau tsev hais plaub (Rent Escrow), koj yuav tsum nqa tag nrho cov nyiaj es koj tiv nqi rau qhov xauj tsev mus nrog koj thaum mus sab laj rooj plaub nram tsev hais plaub ntxiv rau cov nyiaj es them qhib rooj plaub es yog them los ntawm tus tswv tsev.  Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev tsis qhia rau koj tias yog raug nqi npaum li cas, koj kuj hu rau nrog tus neeg tuam ntaub ntawv hauv tsev plaub.

Koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsis pub nws pauj kev ntsim siab rau koj vim koj qhib rooj plaub them nyiaj nqi tsev rau tsev hais plaub (Rent Escrow) los yog lwm rooj plaub es koj xaj kom tswv tsev yuav tsum tau kho tej yam puas.  Txawm li ntawd los, koj yuav tsum tau ua raws nraim li daim ntawv cog lus xuaj tsev, txawm tias koj them nqi tsev mus rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub.

If your landlord does not make repairs, does not follow the lease, or violates state privacy laws, you can bring a lawsuit against your landlord under the Tenants Remedies Act.  This law covers run-down housing, health and safety code violations, and failure to make agreed-upon repairs even if the repair problems are not code violations.  To use this law, it is best to have a lawyer.  The law can be used when a landlord refuses to make repairs and the tenant doesn't want to move or have the building condemned.

If you win the Tenants Remedies Act case, the court may:

• Order the landlord to make repairs or find the landlord in contempt of court
   
• Tell you to make the repairs and deduct the cost of the repairs from your rent
   
• Appoint a person to take the rent and use the rent to make repairs or
   
• Appoint a person to take out liens on the property to pay for repairs or
   
• Order that your rent be lowered
   
• Order the landlord to follow your lease
   
• Order the landlord to obey state privacy laws
   
• Order immediate repairs in emergency cases that have to do with loss of utility service and other necessary services.
   
• Order the landlord to pay your attorney's fees.

If you have an emergency such as no utilities or other necessary services because of the landlord, you can file an Emergency Tenants Remedies Action (ETRA).  You do not need to wait 2 weeks for a repair letter to expire and you do not need to call the housing inspector. A tenant can ask the court for a repair order in emergency cases that have to do with the loss of

1. running water
2. hot water
3. heat
4. electricity
5. toilet facilities
6. or other necessary services the landlord is responsible for providing.
    

You have to try to notify the landlord 24 hours before going to court.  You should call, and if your landlord is not there, leave a message with someone who will tell the landlord.  If there is no way to leave a message, call several times at different times of the day.  Make sure you write down when you called and what happened.  The court can order the landlord to make the repair, or can order the same remedies that are available in a Rent Escrow Action or Tenants Remedies Action. You should contact a lawyer or your local legal services office for help.

Rent Escrows, Minnesota Tenants Remedies Actions, and Emergency Tenants Remedies Actions are safe ways to use the courts to force your landlord to make repairs.  There are other things that you may decide to do that are not always legally safe.  These include withholding rent and “repair and deduct.” It is not a good idea to withhold rent to force your landlord to make repairs.  It is legally much safer to bring a Rent Escrow case or one of the other remedies described above. 

You do not have an automatic right to “repair and deduct” the cost of the repairs from the rent.  If you make repairs yourself without your landlord’s written agreement you could be stuck with the bill.  You could also face an eviction hearing if you don’t pay your full amount of rent. Generally, it is never a good idea to “repair and deduct.”  There are some exceptions.  The cities of St. Paul and Duluth have a "repair and deduct" law for heating problems. Duluth also has a “repair and deduct” law for water, electricity, gas, bathroom fixtures, deadbolt locks and smoke detectors.   Minneapolis, St. Paul and Duluth have "pay and deduct" laws for use when the landlord doesn't pay the utility bills that are the landlord's responsibility. If your landlord agrees to make repairs or to take money off your rent because of the condition, get that agreement in writing and signed by the landlord.

Rent abatement is when you get rent money back for living in a place that was not in good repair and not up to local housing code.  Rent abatements can be awarded as part of Rent Escrow, Minnesota Tenants Remedies Actions and Emergency Tenants Remedies Actions.  If your landlord makes the repairs and you did not bring any of the above court cases, you can bring a lawsuit in District Court or Conciliation Court.  There is a filing fee to start the court case, but the court can waive (excuse) the fee if you cannot afford it.  Ask the court clerk for the papers to waive the fee.

You should ask the court for a refund of part of your rent refund for the time you lived there while the apartment was in disrepair.  A lawsuit for rent abatement should be done after the repairs are made, so that you can tell the judge how long you lived there with repair problems.  The judge can order your landlord to return part of the rent that you paid for the whole time that the repair problems lowered the value of your apartment. 

For example, let's say you normally pay $600 per month in rent but there are broken windows and a leaky toilet. You might ask for the money to fix the toilet plus a reduction of $200 in rent for each month that the broken windows and leaky toilet increased your utility bills.

Evidence is necessary to show that you are entitled to a rent abatement. To win a rent abatement, you must prove 4 things in court:

1. The landlord knew the repairs were needed. Show the judge a copy of your letter or the inspector's first report to the landlord.
    
2. The repairs were not made.  Show the housing inspector's second report and/or testimony of people who have seen the bad conditions, and/or pictures you have taken.
    
3. How long you were without the services or repairs you needed. Use photographs, witnesses, letters and other documentation as evidence.
    
4. How much money it cost you, or "damages."  The amount of money you are asking for has to make sense for the problem you had.    
    

For example, a one-bedroom apartment rents for $50 less than a two-bedroom apartment in the same building.  You did not use your second bedroom because there were no storm windows.  Therefore, you should get damages of $50 per month because with no storm windows it was as if you had a one-bedroom apartment.

Remember – Your landlord cannot retaliate against you for bringing a case to enforce your rights as a tenant. 

A landlord cannot rent out a property that is unsuitable for people to live in. The landlord may not collect rent or a security deposit for property that has been condemned or declared "unfit for human habitation." If your building has been condemned, call a lawyer or your local legal services office for advice about your rights.

There are 2 types of condemnation. The most common is when the Department of Health or Housing Inspections finds health and safety code violations that put the tenants’ safety in danger. The other type of condemnation is when a government body buys property for a particular public purpose, such as to build a highway.

When your home is condemned, for whatever reason, you must move by the date stated on the condemnation order. The amount of time given to move depends on why the building was condemned.  If you do not move by the deadline, law enforcement can force you to move out. If this happens, your children can be put into child protection and your belongings will be left in the home.

If your home has been condemned for health or safety code violations you should call a lawyer or your local legal services office for help.  In general you should know that

• You do not need to pay rent or a security deposit.
   
• You may be able to get Emergency Assistance to help cover moving costs. Tell the financial worker that you need an appointment immediately because your building has been condemned.
   
• Keep records of the conditions in your home. Walk through your apartment and take notes about the repair problems. Get copies of all inspection reports. Take pictures. Make sure you take all this evidence with you when you move. This evidence may be helpful later if you need to prove bad conditions in a court case, and/or to clear up problems with a tenant screening report.
   
• You have the right to sue your landlord in Conciliation Court for all rent paid while the building was either condemned or in condemnable condition. In fact, the landlord is responsible for paying back all the money it cost you to live somewhere else, as well as 3 times the amount of all money collected from you after the date the property was condemned. Actual damages include costs you had to pay to cover moving and temporary lodging. Before filing a lawsuit for money damages, talk to a lawyer. It is important to make sure that all claims for money are made in one lawsuit.
   
• Your landlord must return your security deposit, plus interest, within 5 days after you move. Give the landlord a mailing address when you move.
   
• Move out immediately because staying in a condemned apartment is illegal.  You could be arrested and your children could be sent to child protection.
   

If your home has been condemned for a public purpose

• You can get relocation money to help cover your moving costs whenever the government condemns your building for a public purpose.
   
• The government must help you find suitable housing at about the same rent you had been paying.

If you have problems enforcing your rights or collecting damages, call a lawyer or your local legal services office for help.

You have the right to ask for repairs, call an inspector, bring a Rent Escrow case, and demand that your landlord respect your right to privacy.  These things, among others, are your legal rights as a tenant in Minnesota.  Your landlord may not retaliate (get back at you or get revenge) against you by raising your rent, asking you to move out, or decreasing your services because you stood up for your legal rights as a tenant. You must still pay your rent on time.

The Court will raise questions about whether the landlord is retaliating against you if an eviction case or notice to move comes within 90 days of any act in which you exercise your legal rights as a tenant. You must tell the judge about what you did to exercise your rights. If it is within the 90 days, the judge will assume the landlord is retaliating unless they can show a good reason for eviction.  The judge will deny the eviction if the landlord cannot show a good reason for it. After 90 days you will have to prove that the landlord is trying to get back at you if you go to court.

Ask the court to start counting the 90-day period from the time your landlord has done everything the judge ordered, like doing all repairs. You can defend against eviction if you can show that your landlord is retaliating against you illegally.

If the landlord tries to evict you for not paying your rent, it is a defense to show that the landlord raised your rent to retaliate against you illegally.  To raise this defense, you must pay the old amount of your rent into court.

Lead poisoning can cause serious health problems.  You or members of your family can be poisoned from lead in:

• lead-based paints
• drinking water from plumbing with lead or lead solder and
• foods or liquids stored in lead crystal or lead-glazed pottery or porcelain.

There is a federal law to help protect tenants from the primary source of lead poisoning– lead-based paints.  This law applies to almost all housing built before 1978 except some housing for the elderly; housing for persons with disabilities (unless a child younger than 6 years of age lives or is going to live there) and any “zero bedroom” housing such as efficiencies, dorms and the rental of individual rooms in a house.  This law does not apply to housing certified as lead-free.

If this law applies to an apartment you want to rent, the landlord must

• give you a pamphlet about lead hazards.  The pamphlet must be approved by the Environmental Protection Agency.
• tell you about any known lead-based paint and lead-based paint hazards in the housing and
• give you any records or reports the landlord has about lead-based paint and lead-based paint hazards in the housing.

You have the right to review this information before you rent the apartment.  

If you decide to rent the apartment, your lease must include

• a special warning statement regarding lead
• the landlord’s disclosure of the presence of any known lead-based paint and lead-based paint hazards
• a list of any records or reports available to the landlord and given to you about lead-based paint or lead-based paint hazards in the housing
• a statement that you got the pamphlet about lead hazards, the landlord’s disclosures, and a list of reports and records
• special acknowledgments by the leasing agent (if there is one)
• signatures of the landlord, leasing agent and you.

See the sample “Disclosure of Information on Lead-Based Paint and/or Lead-Based Paint Hazards." 

If the landlord fails to follow this law, you still have a valid lease.  However, the landlord can be subject to penalties, including fines, damages, and jail for not obeying this law.

Lead poisoning can cause learning problems and behavior disorders

• permanent brain damage (causing, among other things, paralysis, blindness or learning or mental disability)
• damage to kidneys and blood cells and
• infertility. 

Lead can be found in paint or plaster, paint dust, the soil, and occasionally tap water.  The most common sources of lead are older homes or apartments, homes in the inner city, and uncovered soil exposed to automobile fumes. Children and pregnant women are the most at risk from lead.  Lead can get into a child's bloodstream if they breathe the dust from paint or soil for a fairly short period of time or eat even a small amount of paint chips or leaded soil. 

All children should be screened regularly for lead as part of their regular doctor check-ups.  A simple blood test can show lead levels in blood.  Screening should be done as follows

• Children under 24 months old– every 6 months
• Children aged 2-6 years old– once a year
• Pregnant women– regularly throughout the pregnancy
• All children– right away if the home has dusty window sills or if paint is peeling in the window sills, on railings, from the ceilings, or on the walls, floors or woodwork.

If you get Medical Assistance, the cost of screening should be covered under the EPSDT program.

The state or local health department has to inspect so they can find the source of the lead whenever a child under 6 or a pregnant woman has high levels of lead in their blood. They will inspect your home and all common areas of the apartment building.  They will also inspect any other place where the child spends a lot of time.  The Health Department must inspect within 5 days after it is told about the high lead levels.

If the Health Department finds lead, the property owner must make the property "lead safe."  The property owner will be ordered to remove or cover the lead source by a certain date (usually 2 to 4 weeks). This is always the landlord's responsibility, not the tenant's. A person from the health department should tell you if you should move during the clean-up.  They can also answer any questions you have about how your health will be affected once the property is “lead safe.”  Fumes and dust from lead paint removal are very dangerous for children and pregnant women. 

If you decide to leave your apartment during the clean-up, you can cancel your lease.  If you move, the landlord has to give back your security deposit within 5 days plus any rent you paid in advance. You also have the right to move out just for a while.  The landlord has to let you move back in when the clean-up is done.  You do not have to pay rent for the time you are out of the building.  If you need money to move or for temporary housing, ask the health department if you can get help.

Before moving back into your apartment, make sure the health inspector has come again and checked it.  Also make sure that the landlord carefully cleaned up after the work was done.

If your landlord does not remove the lead paint, you can take any of the legal actions listed in this chapter. If you or your children have been harmed by the lead, you may also have a claim for money from your landlord.  You may be able to bring only 1 court case against your landlord. See a lawyer first to make sure all parts of your claim, such as lead paint damage and rent abatement (a partial return of rent), are included in any lawsuit you start.

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau koj hloov los yog xaus daim ntawv cog lus xaub tsev nyob (lease agreement).  Nyob ntawm seb hom ntawv cog lus xaub tsev yog hom Fixed Term Lease los yog hom Periodic Lease (saib nploog 13 – 14 txog cov lus tshab txais ntawm ob hom cog lus xauj tsev no). Yog hais tias koj thiab koj tus tswv tsev neb ob leeg pom zoo hloov los yog xaus daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev, qhov no yeej zoo txaus rau neb hloov los yog xaus qhov kev xauj tsev lawm.  Qhov no yeej muaj tseeb txawm tias kev cog lus xauj tsev yog sib qhov ncauj hais xwb los yog sau ntawv cia, hom cog lus xauj tsev fixed term lease los yog periodic lease.  Nws kuj yuav txawv, yog tias koj nyob cov tsev tsoom fwv pab them nqi es yog Section 8.

Nco ntsoov muab cov kev pom zoo sau ua ntawv cia.  Yog tias koj tsis muab cov kev pom zoo sau ua ntawv cia, qhov es hais tias “koj hais, kuv hais” (I said, you sai) thaum sib cav tsam ho tshwm sim yav tom ntej no.  Koj kuj yuav raug ua raws li daim ntawv cog lus xaus tsev hom twg daim ntawv xauj tsev, thiab them cov nqi tsev tag nrho.

Ceeb Toom!
Yog hais tias koj tsis ua raws li daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev yam tsis muaj kev pom zoo ntawm tus tswv tsev, tus tswv tsev kuj yuav yuam tau kom koj raug them tag nrho cov nqi tsev es koj nyob tsis tag li koj daim ntawv cog lus tshwj tsis yog tias tus tswv tsev xauj lub chav apartment ntawd rau ib tug neeg tshiab.  Yeej tsis yog tus tswv tsev lub luag hauj lwm los nrhiav kom tau ib tug neeg xauj lub tsev apartment kom los hloov tau koj.

Tsis muaj ib txoj cai es koj cia li tawm tsis ua raws cov lus cog tseg hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev.  Cov neeg xauj tsev es yog raug tsim thiab ntaus los ntawm nws tus txij nkawm thiab thiab cov neeg ntawm tsev neeg es xauj tsev nyob tau tag sim neej thaum lawv tseem xauj lub tsev nyob kuj xaus tau lawv daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev nyob ntxov yam tsis muaj kev pom zoo los ntawm tus tswv tsev.  Dhau qhov no ces, tsis muaj ib txoj cai es koj cia li tawm tsis ua raws lov lus cog tseg hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev.  Tus tswv tsev tsis tas cia koj thim es tsis ua raws daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev txawm tias koj poob koj txoj hauj lwm.  Lawv kuj tsis tas yuav cia koj thim es tsis ua raws li daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev txawm tias koj yuav ib lub tsev los yog koj raug hloov hauj lwm mus ua rau lwm lub xeev.  Yog hais tias tej zaum koj yeej npaj yuav tsev los yog hloov hauj lwm ces koj yuav tsum tau muab tej lus no sau rau hauv koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev es pub koj thim tawm thaum muaj tej yam li no tshwm sim.

If and when a landlord can raise your rent depends on the kind of lease you have.

Fixed Term Leases
With a fixed term lease, your rent will usually stay the same for the whole lease period.  A written lease might say how and when rent increases happen, if at all.  If there is nothing in the lease about rent increases, make it clear in writing when you sign the lease that no rent increases are to happen during the lease period.

Periodic Leases
If you have a periodic lease, like a month-to-month rental, your landlord may raise your rent by any amount, as often as they want. There is no rent control in Minnesota except in public or subsidized housing.  But, there are things a landlord has to do before raising your rent.

You have to get proper notice before a rent increase takes effect. That means you must get written notice no later than 11:59 p.m. of the day before the next rental period begins. The rent increase does not take effect until the second rental period following the notice unless the notice states that it is effective at an even later date.  In the case of a month-to-month rental in which the rent is due on the first of the month, written notice given in December cannot be effective until February.

You can challenge a rent increase in 3 situations as follows

1. The landlord raised rent to retaliate against you for exercising your rights (see the “Retaliation” section)
    
2. The landlord raised rent to discriminate against you, or
    
3. The landlord gave improper notice.

If any of the above situations are true, you do not have to pay the increased rent. Also, if you think your rent went up because of discrimination, contact the Minnesota Human Rights Department or your local civil rights department to file a complaint.

Remember, if you do not pay the increased rent, the landlord may file an eviction case against you. But the landlord cannot evict you without bringing an eviction case in court. If the landlord does take you to court, tell the judge about the improper notice or discrimination or retaliation. Be careful. If the judge decides that the landlord was not doing what you claimed, you will have to pay the increased rent and court costs. If you do not pay, you will be evicted.

Koj yeej muaj txoj cai thiv tawm ntawm koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev yog hais tias koj yog ib tug neeg raug tsim los yog raug ntaus los ntawm koj tus txij nkawm, quab yuam deev, los yog muaj neeg lawv koj qab tas li, thiab koj ua 2 yam no:

1. Muab rau koj tus tswv tsev

• Ib daim qauv ntawm daim ntawv tiv thaiv hu ua Order for Protection los yog daim ntawv tiv thaiv kev tham plaub hu ua a Harassment Restraining Order thiab

• Ib daim ntawv es kos npe thiab muaj hnub vas thib (saib nploog 60) es hais tias
  • koj ntshai tsam koj raug ntaus yuav tshwm sim tom ntej no los ntawm tus neeg es lub npe hauv hauv daim ntawv no
     
  • koj xav xaus qhov kev xauj tsev
     
  • vas thib es koj yuav tawm thiab
     
  • Koj xav kom tus tswv tsev ua li cas rau koj cov khoom.
     

2. Them qhov nqi xauj tsev rau lub hlis es koj tawm tsev

Koj yuav tsis tau qhov nyiaj cas tsev (security deposit) rov qab.  Tus tswv tsev yuav khaws qhov nyiaj no pauj qhov koj thim tawm ntawm daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev.

Yog koj tsis muaj (los yog tsis xav mu snug koj tau) daim ntawv tiv thaiv hu ua Order for Protection los yog daim ntawv tiv thaiv kev tham plaub hu ua a Harassment Restraining Order, koj yeej muaj txoj cai los nthuav tawm ib daim ntawv los ntawm ib tug neeg hauv qab no es kom pom tau tias koj yeej yog ib tus neeg raug ntaus los ntawm koj tus txij nkawm, quab yuam deev, los yog muaj neeg lawv koj qab tas li

• lub tsev hais plaub

• tub ceev xwm

• ib tug kws kho mob es muaj daim ntawv pov thawj kho neeg

• ib tug neeg hais kom hloov txog kev raug ntaus los ntawm lawv tus txij nkawm, los yog

• ib tug neeg pab (counselor) pab thaum raug quab yuam deev.
   

Yog hais tias koj muaj mus lus nug, tiv tauj lub chaw ua hauj lwm pab rau sab kev cai lij choj, ib tug neeg tawm tsam kev sib ntaus ntawv khub niam txiv, los yog ib tug neeg pab (counselor) pab thaum raug quab yuam deev.  Xav kom paub ntau dua, saib daim ntawv qhia qhov tseeb Victims of Domestic Violence, Stalking, or Criminal Conduct: Your Rights in Breaking Your Lease.

Feem ntau, daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev ib ntus hu ua fixed no mas hloov tsis tau los xaus tsis tau ua ntej txog thaum nyob puv lub sij hawm tau teev tseg hauv daim ntawv cog lus tshwj tsis yog tias koj thiab koj tus tswv tsev pom zoo tsis li ces yeej hloov tsis tau.

Nyeem koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev.  Feem ntau, tsis tas yuav muaj kev ceeb toom kom xaus koj qhov kev xauj tsev yog tias koj xav xaus rau hnub es tau teev tseg hauv daim ntawv cog lus.  Tab sis tej daim ntawv cog lus fixed term pub koj thiab koj tus tswv tsev xaus thiab thim daim ntawv cog lus no es yog koj ceeb toom ua 30 los yog 60 hnub ua ntej. Yog hais tias daim ntawv cog lus no muaj cov lus teev tias muab pes tsawg hnub ceeb toom, ces koj thiab koj tus tswv tsev neb ob leeg yuav tsum tau ua raws nraim.

Tej daim ntawv cog lus fixed term muaj ib kab lus tias cia li tauj hnub nyoog rau koj nyob dua tshiab "automatic renewal clause." Qhov no txhais tau tias koj tsis tas yuav hais dabtsi rau koj tus tswv tsev li, koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev cia li tauj sij hawm ntxiv taus maus tiv (saib nploog 13).  Kab lus es pib xauj tsev rau koj ntxiv mus no mas tsuas yog raug txoj cai yog tias tus tswv tsev xa ib daim ntawv ntxiv sij hawm tshiab (renewal) rau cov neeg xauj tsev.  Daim ntawv no mas yuav tsum tau xas 15 hnub, tabsis tsis pub ua 30 hnub, ua ntej hnub es koj yuav muab kev ceeb toom tias koj npaj yuav tawm tsev.  Daim ntawv yuav tsum tau hais tias kev cog lus xauj tsev no yuav pib rau koj dua tshiab tshwj tsis yog tias koj xav ib daim ntawv tuaj qhia tias koj tsis xav pib xauj dua tshiab thiab yuav tawm tsev.

Yuav hloov los yog xaus daim ntawv cog lus xaub tsev hu ua periodic leases, es yog xauj tsev ib hlis tauj ib hlis, koj los yog koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsum sau ntawv ceeb toom koj tseem tseeb. Daim ntawv ceeb toom yuav tsum muab tsis pub dhau 11:59 p.m. hnub es ua ntej es qhov nqi tsev yuav tsum them mus.  Ntawm daim ntawv cog lus xaub tsev hu ua periodic leases, lub sij hawm es pib qhov xauj tsev dua no yog pib hnub es koj them nqi tsev thiab kav mus txog ntua hnub es yuav tau them nqi tsev dua.  Yog hais tias koj qhov nqi tsev yuav tau them hnub tim ib ntawm txhua lub hlis, koj qhov kev xauj tsev nyob piv thaum hnub tim ib mus txog ntua hnub kawg ntawm lub hlis ntawd.

Piv txwv, piv txwv, koj yog ib tug neeg xauj tsev es xauj hli dhau hli es koj qhov nqi tsev them ua yog hnub tim ib ntawm ib lub hlis twg.  Koj xav tawm rau thaum lub Ob hli ntuj hnub tim 1.  Koj yuav tsum tau muab daim ntawv koj sau ceeb toom rau tus tswv tsev tias koj yuav tawm rau nws tsis pub dhau 11:59 p.m ib tag hmo ntawm lub Kaum Ob Hlis ntuj Hnub tim 31.  Thiaj muab xam tau tias daim ntawv ceeb toom raug cai lawm "proper notice,” koj daim daim ntawv es muab rau tus tswv tsev tsuas sau qhia hnub es koj yuav tawm tsev xwb.

Yog hais tias koj xav tawm tsev tab sis koj tsis muab ib daim ntawv ceeb toom kom raug cai, koj tus tswv tsev kuj yuav kom koj lav phib xaub es them ib lub hlis nqi tsev ntxiv txawm tias koj twb yeej tawm ua ntej lub hlis tom ntej no pib lawm.

Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev xav kom koj tawm tab sis nws tsis muab daim ntawv ceeb toom tseem ceeb rau koj, koj yeej nyob tau hauv koj chav apartment (yog tias koj them nqi tsev) txog thaum tus tswv tsev muab dua ib daim ntawv ceeb toom es raug cai.

Nco ntsoov tias, ib daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev yog ib daim ntawm pom zoo raws txoj cai!

Tsis txhob thim tawm los yog tsis ua raws yam tsis tau muab coj los ua twb zoo xav txog koj qhov kev xaiv ua ntej.  Yog tias koj yeej yuav tsum tau thim tawm ntawm koj daim ntawv cog lus, qhov hauv kev zoo tshaj ces yog

• Sib khom kom muaj kev pom zoo nrog koj tus tswv tsev (muaj qee qhov chaw kuj muaj ib co neeg nyob hauv nruab nrab pab neb sib khom kom haum)

• Nug seb koj tus tswv tsev puas kam pab nrhiav dua ib tug neeg xauj tsev tshiab.

Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev kev koj li nyiam them nqi tsev ntawm koj tom qab hnub es hais qhia kom koj tawm tsev, ces daim ntawv ceeb toom tawm tsev kuj yuav raug thim es tsis siv raws li txoj cai lij choj.  Qhov no yuav pib koj daim ntawv (renew) cog lus xauj tsev tshiab.  Nrog ib tug kws lij choj tham ua ntej koj muab xam tias qhov lees txais nyiaj nqi tsev ntawd yeej thim qhov kev ceeb toom tawm tsev lawm.

Thaum koj tawm lub tsev apartment, yuav tsum tau qhia rau tus tswv tsev tias koj tawm lawm, txawm tias koj tsis tau ceeb toom qhia kom tseeb “proper.”  Tus neeg xauj tsev yuav tsum tau ceeb toom 3 hnub ua ntej yuav tawm thaum lub sij hawm nruab nrab ntawm lub Kaum Ib Hlis tim 15 thiab Plaub Hlis tim 15.  Cov neeg xauj tsev es tsis muab kev ceeb toom qhia 3 hnub ua ntej yuav tawm kuj yuav raug lub txim txhaum cai hu ua criminal misdemeanor.  Qhov es muaj tsab cai no mas tsab ces cov kav dej ho tawg vim yog dej khov ua nab khuab yog tias lub tsev apartment no tsis muaj neeg nyob thiab tsis muaj cua kub.

Tej daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev (leases) es tsis tau thim tawm tsis ua raws yog muab hu ua ua siab swb thiab lees txais "surrender and acceptance." Qhov no kuj yuav tshwm sim es yog ob txoj hauv kev no

1. Yog hais tias koj muab tus yawm sij rov qab rau tus tswv tsev thiab nws txais nkaus es yeej tsis hais ib lo tias koj tseem tiv nqi xauj tsev los yog
    
2. Yog hais tias tus tsev tsev xauj lub tsev apartment rau lwm tus neeg es tsis nug koj li.  Yog hais tias muaj tej xwm txheej zoo li no, ces lub tsev hais plaub kuj yuav txiav txim tias tus tswv tsev twb los ua txiv ntxhias leg qhov hauj lwm rau lub tsev apartment thiab tso koj tseg es tsis tsub ib qho kev lav phib xaub rau koj ntxiv li lawm hais txog ntawm daim ntawv cog lus es tau muaj ntawd.

Qhov es xauj tsev hu ua “Subletting” no txhais tias koj muab lub tsev koj xauj, xauj rau lwm tug neeg.  Koj yeej muaj txoj cai xauj rau lwm tus neeg (subletting), tshwj tsis yog tias koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev hais tias koj ua tsis tau li ntawd.  Thaum koj xauj lub tsev rau lwm tus neeg (subletting) koj tseem yog tus es muaj kev lav phib xaub rau txhua txhua yam es nyob hauv daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev, txawm tias koj muab xauj rau lwm tus neeg nyob lawm. Yog koj xav tias koj yuav muab lub tsev ntawd xauj rau lwm tus neeg (subletting) yav tom ntej no, nyeem daim ntawv cog lus kom paub tseeb tias yeej pub xauj rau lwm tus neeg (subletting).  Ntau daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev yeej tsis pub koj xauj rau lwm tus neeg (subletting) tab sis tej co yeej pub rau koj ua li ntawd yog tias koj tau kev tso cai los ntawm tus tswv tsev.

Sometimes a home will have so many serious repair problems that you decide that you cannot live there any longer.  This is called constructive eviction.  Con­structive eviction means that the landlord has allowed a repair problem or other condition to exist that is so serious that it is equal to evicting the tenant.

If you decide that you have to break your lease by using a constructive eviction argument, give the landlord written notice of the problem. In the letter, say that you will consider the lease broken and will move out unless repairs are made within a reasonable period of time.  Keep a copy of this letter.  If there is a housing inspector in your area, call the inspector and ask for an inspection to be done. Get a copy of the repair orders to document the condition of the home. It is also a good idea to ask the health department to do its own inspection and order its own repairs. If repairs are not made, you should move out within a reasonable time after the repairs should have been done.

Warning!

A constructive eviction only exists if the landlord has not provided essential repairs or services. Constructive eviction usually only applies to very serious conditions that make the rental unit unlivable, such as when there is no heat or water in the rental unit. If you do not want to move, see Chapter 4 for other steps you can take when there are serious repair problems.

If you claim constructive eviction and move out, your landlord may sue you for damages. The amount for which the landlord can sue depends on the type of tenancy you have. If you have a month-to-month lease, the landlord may sue you for one month's rent. If you have a fixed term lease, the landlord may sue you for the rest of the amount owed on the lease. If your landlord sues you for damages, you will have to prove that you were constructively evicted.

You should bring the following to court as evidence

1) all the letters you sent your landlord about needed repairs

2) witnesses

3) pictures and

4) repair orders from the housing inspector and the health department. 

In other words, you will have to prove that the conditions were so bad that you were forced to move out. If your landlord sues you for damages, you can claim a rent refund for the period you lived in the apartment with the repair problem (see “Sue For Rent Abatement” in Chapter 4).

Call your landlord right away if your utilities are shut off. If the landlord has turned off your utilities, you can sue to have the utilities turned back on. You can also sue to recover a maximum of 3 times the value of the damage you suffered or $500, whichever is greater, plus attorney's fees.  If your landlord turns the utilities back on within a reasonable time, you can sue only for the money it actually cost you. You cannot collect money if the shut-off was because of something you or your guests did to damage the utility service. Protection against illegal shut-offs also covers residents after a mortgage foreclosure or contract-for-deed cancellation.

It is a criminal misdemeanor for a landlord to shut off the electricity, gas, or water services to get you to move out. The landlord must prove there was a good reason for turning off the utilities, such as making repairs. Sometimes, the utility company will shut off the utilities if the landlord did not pay a bill for which he was responsible.

You or other tenants can pay the gas, electric or water bill and deduct the amount from your rent payment if the utility company

• Shuts off the utilities
• Sends a final notice that the utilities will be shut off or
• Posts a notice of disconnection at the building.

You only have to pay the most recent bill.  You do not have to pay any of the past due bills or late charges.

If you live in a building that has 1 to 4 units, you also have the option to take over the gas or electric account from your landlord and be a new customer.  You can do this as long as you meet the requirements that any new customer would have to meet. If you become a new customer, you do not have to pay ANY of the old bills. This includes even the most recent one.  The utility company CANNOT ask you to pay a deposit.

If you are in this situation, call a lawyer or your local legal services office for help.

In Minneapolis, there are special laws about utilities, such as:

• Your landlord must give you written notice (either included in the lease or as a separate document) saying who is the person responsible for paying the utilities you use.
• If there are not separate meters in your building for the electricity, gas and water used by each rental unit, your landlord is responsible for paying those utility bills. 

It is illegal for a landlord to lock you out of your apartment, place your personal belongings onto the street, or change the locks for any reason, even if you are behind on your rent. A landlord can evict you only by bringing an eviction court case (also called an “unlawful detainer”) against you. The only person who can remove you by force from the property is a law enforcement officer (police officer or sheriff).  But the law enforcement officer can do this only after the landlord won the court case and the judge issued a Writ of Recovery.

If you have been locked out unlawfully and you want to get back into your house, follow these steps

1. Find someone to be a "witness."  You might want to ask a friend or someone else who lives in the building to come with you when you try to get back into your place
    
2. Go to the landlord with your witness and ask the landlord to let you back into the home and
    
3. Tell the landlord it is against the law to lock you out.
    

If the landlord still refuses to let you back into your home, follow these steps

1. Call the police and ask them to help you get back into your home.
    
2. Tell the police officer you want to file a criminal complaint.
    

Be sure to get the officer's badge number. This information may be helpful if you have to get a court order to let you back in the home.

If you still cannot get back into your home, call a lawyer, your local legal services office or the city attorney right away so that you can take legal action against your landlord. You can go to court immediately and get an immediate order to let you back into your home.  You should bring proof to the court hearing that you live there like a neighbor, a lease, or something with your address on it, like a driver's license or bill.

After getting back into your home you may want to file a lawsuit against your landlord to pay for money you spent as a result of being locked out.  You can sue your landlord for an amount up to 3 times your actual out-of-pocket costs (like money you paid to stay somewhere else) or $500, whichever is greater. You can file the lawsuit in Conciliation Court if the amount you are suing for is $15,000 or less. There is a filing fee to start the court case but the court can waive (excuse) the fee if you cannot afford it.  Ask the court clerk for the papers to waive the fee.

This protection against unlawful lockouts also applies to tenants when there has been a mortgage foreclosure or contract-for-deed cancellation.

Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev xav yuam kom koj tawm tsev, lawv yuav tsum tau mus qhib rooj plaub ncaws tawm tsev (lub npe qub hua ua “unlawful detainer”) rau koj.

Rooj plaub ncaws tawm tsev qhib tau tawm tsam koj muaj ntau nqi, xws li

• tsis them nqi tsev

• tsis tawm tsev tom qab tau txais daim ntawv sau ceeb toom qhia raug cia

• tsis ua raws cov cai hauv daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev

• txhob txwm tsoo lub tsev xauj

• tsim kev tsis zoo "public nuisance"– ib yam li muag los yog muaj yeeb tshuaj nyob hauv lub tsev.
  
  Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev yeej rooj plaub hauv lub tsev hais plaub, tus neeg txiav txim yuav muab ib daim ntawv hu ua "Writ of Recovery" rau tus tswv tsev.  Daim ntawv Writ no yog ib daim ntawv lub tsev hais plaub sau yuam kom koj tawm lub tsev tsis pub dhau 24 teev.  Qee rooj plaub tus neeg txiav txim plaub kuj hais tias nyob “stay” (ncua-delay) qhov kev tawm tsev no ntev li 7 hnub kom koj muaj sij hawm nrhiav tau qhov chaw tshiab rau koj nyob. Qhov no txhais tau tias tus neeg txiav txim yuav muab 7 hnub ntxiv rau koj ua ntej qhov Writ no yuav siv tau.  Thaum siv qhov Writ no lawm, koj tsuas muaj 24 teev rau koj tawm tsev.

• Koj paub tias tus tswv tsev twb pib rooj plaub ncaws tawm tsev thaum koj tau txais daim ntawv raws txoj cai hu ua Summons and Complaint (cov ntaub ntawv no yog cov ntaub ntawv tuaj nram tsev hais plaub tuaj raws txoj cai qhia kom koj yuav tsum tshwm nram tsev hais plaub txog vaj txog tsev (Housing court).  Tsis txhob cia li las mees los yog muab cov ntaub ntawv no pov tseg.  Mloog kom zoo seb koj tau txais daim ntawv no li cas.  Cov ntawv no yuav tsum tau cev ncus (“serve”) rau koj yam raug cai.  Tiv tauj ib tug kws lij choj los yog cov tsev pab neeg hais plaub hauv koj lub zej zog sai li sai tau.

• Rooj sab laj hauv tsev hais plaub no feem ntau yeej teem li ntawm 7 mus txog 14 hnub tom qab koj tau txais daim ntawv raws txoj cai hu ua Summons and Complaint.

• Daim ntawv nqa tuaj rau koj kom yuav tsum tau mus hais plaub raws txoj cai hu ua Summons and Complaint yuav qhia koj tias vim li cast us tswv tsev thiaj li xav kom koj mus nram tsev hais plaub.  Nws kuj yuav muaj cov vasthib, sij hawm, thiab qhov chaw es koj yuav mus sab laj koj rooj plaub.  Yog hais tias koj nyob hauv lub nroog Hennepin los yog Ramsey County, tus tswv tsev kuj yuav nug kom tus neeg txiav txim hais kom koj them cov nqi tsev es tsis thaum them los yog lwm yam nuj nqis koj tiv lawv thaum lub sij hawm koj mus mloog kev sab laj ntawm koj rooj plaub ncaws tawm.
  
  Daim ntawv nqa tuaj rau koj kom yuav tsum tau mus hais plaub raws txoj cai hu ua Summons and Complaint kuj yuav hais tias tus tswv tsev ncaws koj tawm vim yog koj tsis them nqi tsev.  Yog hais tias koj pom zoo tias koj yeej tiv nqi tsev thiab koj yeej muaj nyiaj them ces koj yuav ntsum npaj mus rau koj rooj sab laj ntawm koj rooj plaub.
  
  Thaum ntawm rooj sab laj koj yeej them tau cov nqi tsev es koj tiv nrog rau cov nqi es qhib rooj plaub thiab lwm qhov nqi es muaj kev pab rau koj. Yog hais tias koj ua tau li no koj yeej rov qab tau “redeem” qhov kev xauj tsev ntxiv thiab tus neeg txiav txim yuav txiav txim tias koj yeej nyob tau hauv lub tsev ntxiv.  Yog hais tias koj them tsis taus tag nrho cov nuj nqis no tabsis koj yeej them tau ib co nqi ces yeej muaj txoj hauv kev es tus tswv tsev kuj yuav kam sib khom kom hauv nrog koj ntawm rooj plaub no thiab pub koj nyob yog tias koj ua raws li cov tswv yim teev tias maj mam them zuj zus.

• Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb es koj yuav tsum tau mus mloog rooj sab laj ntawm koj rooj plaub.  Yog hais tias koj tsis mus, koj kuj yuav cia li swb rooj plaub no taus maus tiv.  Koj yuav tsum tau tawm tsev sai li sai tau. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau them nyiaj.

• Koj yeej mus mloog rooj sab laj ntawm koj rooj plaub ntawm koj tus kheej los yog mus nrog ib tug kws lij choj los yog ib tug neeg sawv cev rau cov neeg xauj tsev.  Yog hais tias koj tiv thaiv koj tus kheej thaum mus sab laj koj rooj plaub, ces mus nrog ib tug kws lij choj sab laj los yog ib tug neeg sawv cev rau cov neeg xauj tsev ua ntej sab laj (hearing).

• Tshwj tsis yog tias koj sib khom haum nrog tus tswv tsev lawm, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau muaj pov thawj tim khawv tias vim li cas koj thiaj li yuav tsum tau raug ncaws tawm tsev thaum mus sab laj txog rooj plaub.

• Thaum tus tswv tsev hais lug tas lawm, qhia rau tus neeg txav txim plaub ntug tias vim li cas koj thiaj xav tias koj yuav tsum tsis raug ncaws tawm.  Nco ntsoov qhia rau tus tswv tsev txog koj cov kev tiv thaiv es koj muaj xws li pauj kev chim, kev ntxub ntxaug, thiab teeb meem tsis kho tsev.  Nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo es koj yuav tsum tau muab koj cov lus teb “Answer” npaj ua ntej thaum yuav mus mloog koj rooj plaub sab laj.  Lub hom phiaj yuav tsum tau muab koj cov lus teb “Answer” no yog cov lus teb rau tus tswv tsev cov nqe lus es nws tawm tsam koj.  Tsis tas li ntawd, nqa koj cov pov thawj nrog koj mus txhawb koj rooj plaub, xws li cov duab koj thaij, cov ntawv them nyiaj (receipts), cov ntawv, cov neeg pov thawj, cov ntawv sau qhia thaum kuaj tsev tag, cov ntawv sau kom yuav tsum tau kho tsev, tej ntawd.  Kav tsuj nug yog thaum twg koj tsis nkag siab thaum muaj tej yam dabtsi tshwm sim.
  
  Tus neeg txiav txim plaub ntug los yog tus kas mab kas kuj yuav xa koj rooj plaub mus rau qhov kev es hais muaj yeej muaj swb yog tias muaj cov pov thawj tseeb txoj cov kev sib khom tsis sib haum “factual disagreements” txog rooj plaub (piv txwv, yog hais tias koj thiab koj tus tswv tsev tsis muaj kev pom zoo txog them cov nqi tsev).  Rooj plaub es yuav mus hais muaj yeej muaj swb feem ntau yuav pib li ob peb hnub thaum xub pib rooj plaub.  Thaum hais rooj plaub muaj yeej muaj swb koj yuav tsum tau nqa tag nrho koj cov pov thawj, xws li cov duab koj thaij thiab daim ntawv txais nyiaj (receipt).  Koj yuav tsum npaj es qhia txog koj sab thiab koj cov lus es qhia koj meej thiab coj cov neeg ua pov thawj es txhawb rau koj rooj plaub.  Koj yeej tsis tas kom koj muaj ib tug kws li choj thaum mus hais rooj plaub muaj yeej muaj swb, tabsis yeej yog ib lub tswv yim es koj tiv tauj rau ib tug kws lij choj los yog  yog ib tug neeg pab neeg hais plaub hauv koj lub zos kom pab  sab laj nrog koj sai li sai tau yog hais tias muaj rooj plaub hais muaj yeej muaj swm teem rau koj lawm.

• Tom qab thaum mloog koj thiab koj tus tswv tsev cov lus tag lawm, Tus neeg txiav txim plaub ntug los yog tus kas mab kas yuav txiav txim seb koj puas yuav tau tawm lub tsev.  Yog hais tias koj yeej rooj plaub, koj yuav tau nyob hauv lub tsev apartment.  Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev yeej rooj plaub, tus neeg txiav txim yuav koj npe rau daim ntawv Writ of Recovery es yog daim ntawv xaj kom koj yuav tsum tau tawm tsev.

• Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev yeej rooj plaub, qhia rau tus neeg txiav txim hais tias nws yuav yog ib qho nyuaj rau koj tawm tsev kom sai li sai tau thiab koj xav tau sij hawm rau koj tawm tsev.  Tus neeg txiav txim kuj yuav muab tau 7 hnub ntxiv rau koj kom koj tawm tsev.  Koj yuav tsum tau nub mas koj thiaj li tau cov sij hawm ntxiv no rau koj tawm tsev.

• Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev yeej rooj plaub, koj muaj 10 hnub los mus tawm tsab qhov kev txiav txim no.  Yog hais tias koj xav tawm tsam, tiv tauj ib tug kws lij choj sai li sai tau.  Yog hais tias ib tug kas mab kas tau mloog rooj plaub no hauv lub zos county Hennepin los yog Ramsey lawm, koj yav 10 hnub es yog nug kom tau tus neeg txiav txim plaub kom nws rov qab muab koj rooj plaub no los saib ib zaug dua ntxiv.

• Yog hais tias koj tsis muaj rooj plaub tawm tsam thiab koj ho tsis tawm tsev ntawm hnub es tus neeg txiav txim tau teev tseg kom koj yuav tsum tau tawv, ces yuav tau siv daim ntawv Writ of Recovery "executed" (cev ncus rau koj) los ntawm ib tug tub ceev xwm.  Ces koj  yuav muaj sij hawm li 24 teev tawm kom tau hauv lub tsev mus.

Koj Kuj Yuav Muaj Kev Tiv Thaiv Txog Rooj Plaub Ncaws Tawm Tsev

Ib qho kev tiv thaiv “defense” yog ib qho kev sib cam los yog cov laj thawj koj muab rau lub tsev hais plaub es txhawb koj rooj plaub.  Txawm tias phau ntawv no tsis tham txog tag nrho cov kev es thiv thaiv tau los, cov kev thiv thaiv es siv heev tshaj yeej muaj nyob hauv no.  Yog hais tias koj nyob hauv cov tsev luam los yog tsev es tsoom fwv them ib nrab nqi (public los yog government subsidized housing), ces nyob cov tsev no kuj yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv ntxiv rau koj rooj plaub thiab (saib nploog 68). Tiv tauj ib tug kws lij choj los yog cov tsev pab neeg hais plaub hauv koj lub zos kom koj thiaj li paub tias hom kev tiv thaiv twg yog pab tau rau koj rooj plaub.

Nyob rau nram qab sab nraum phau ntawv no muaj ib daim ntawv teb cov lus nug “Answer” es yuav siv tau pab rau koj qhov kev tiv thaiv es teb rau koj tus tswv tsev qhov es nws muab koj ncaws tawm yam tsis raug cai (unlawful detainer).  Yog siv cov lus Teb ntawm no, ua raws hauv qab no: 

1. Sau cov npe ntawm ob tog neeg sib foob thiab rooj plaub tus lej cim es kom koj sau rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm daim ntawv Summons
    
2. Khij cov kab lus es thiv thaiv pab rau koj rooj plaub
    
3. Kos npe thiab sau vas thib rau daim ntawv
    
4. Luam ib daim qauv es muaj tag nrho koj cov lus Teb (Answer) rau tus Neeg Tswj cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev hais plaub, ib daim rau tus tswv tsev thaum mloog sab laj koj rooj plaub thiab ceev ib daim rau koj tus kheej.  Nco ntsoov tej zauj koj kuj yuav tsim nyog kom tsis tau them cov nqi es qhib rooj plaub no.
    

Nco Ntsoov
Daim ntawv es muaj cov lus Teb (Answer) tsis muaj cov lus teb rau ib co kev tiv thaiv es tsuaj yog muaj rau cov tsev luam thiab cov tsev es tsoom fwv pab them ib nrab nqi.  Yog tias koj nyob cov tsev luam thiab cov tsev es tsoom fwv pab them ib nrab nqi (xws li Section 8 housing), tiv tauj ib tug kws lij choj los yog cov tsev pab neeg hais plaub hauv koj lub zos los pab koj.

Xa Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Rooj Plaub Ncaws Tawm Tsev Yam Tsis Raug Cai - “Service”

Nws yeej muaj ib co cai hais txog cov ntaub ntawv nram tsev hais plaub yuav muab xa li cas (served) rau koj.  Koj tus tswv tsev foob tsis tau kom ncaws tau koj tawm tsev yam tsis xa daim ntawv tuaj rau koj kom raws txoj cai.  Koj yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv tawm tsam hu ua the Summons thiab Complaint li 7 hnub ua ntej koj rooj plaub sab laj.  Feem ntau, daim ntawv tsawm tsam Summons thiab Complaint yuav tsum yog nqa ncuv tuaj rau koj, es yog nqa tuaj ntawm ib tug neeg es tsis yog koj tus tswv tsev.  Cov ntawv no yuav muab tsis tau rau ib tug neeg es tsis nyob rau hauv koj lub tsev los yog ib tug neeg es ntxim li lub hnub nyoog tsis tau loj txaus "suitable age and discretion", li ib tug menyuam yaus.  Tib lub sij hawm es tus tswv tsev xa daim ntawv hauv pais xab nis tuaj rau koj lub chaw nyob yog thaum nrhiav tsis tau koj hauv lub zos county tom qab sim nqa daim ntawv no tuaj rau koj li ob zaug lawm.  Qhov es sim nqa tuaj rau koj ntawd mas ib zaug yuav tsum yog nyob hauv nruab nrab thaum 6:00 p.m. thiab 10:00 p.m.

Tswv Tsev Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom Qhia, Cuv Npe Thiab Daim Ntawv Tso Cai Rau Xauj Tsev (Licenses)

Ceeb toom
Tus tswv tsev foob tsis tau kom koj tawm tsev yog tias koj twb tsis paub lub npe thiab lub chaw nyob ntawm tus tswv tsev los yog tus neeg tswj lub tsev xauj apartment, thiab lub npe thiab chaw nyob ntawm tus neeg sawv cev rau tus tswv tses yog tus txais tau cov ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm koj.

Cuv Npe
Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev muaj lub npe es yog lag luam (trade name) thiab tsis yog ib lub tuam txhab lag luam, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau cuv npe ntawm lub npe lag luam mus rau nram lub xeev (Secretary of State).  Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev tsis muab lub npe cuv thiab ceev tseg, lub tsev hais plaub yuav tsum nres tsis hais rooj plaub no txog thaum tus tswv tsev mus cuv npe.  Yog hais tias muaj tej no tshwm sim, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau them $250.  Hu rau lub xeev qhov chaw ceev cov npe lag luam (Secretary of State) ntawm (651) 296-2803 kom paub tseem tias tus tswv tsev no tsis yog ib lub tuam txhab (corporation) thiab kom paub tias lub npe es yog lag luam (trade name) seb puas tau cuv npe rau. Lub xeev qhov chaw ceev cov npe lag luam (Secretary of State) yeej muab tau cov ntaub ntawv qhia no rau koj nrog lub thwj es ntaus cim rau daim ntawv qhia tias lub npe es yog lag luam (trade name) no tsis tau cuv npe.

Daim ntawv tso cai pub xauj tsev
Lub nroog Minneapolis thiab lwm lub nroog tau hais tias tus tswv tsev yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv (license) tso cai rau koj xauj tsev ua ntej yuav muab qhov chaw xauj rau neeg nyob.  Yog hais tias koj tshawb tau tias koj lub tsev apartment tsis muaj daim ntawv (license) tso cai rau koj xauj tsev koj yuav tsum tau mus muab cov ntawv ceev cia hauv lub tuam tsev saib cov tsev xauj txog tias yeej tsis muaj daim ntawv (license) tso cai rau koj xauj tsev.  Nyob ntawm koj lub nroog txoj kev coj, tus tswv tsev kuj tsis muaj cai yuav qhib rooj plaub ncaws koj tawm tsev yog tias tus tswv tsev tsis muaj daim ntawv (license) tso cai rau koj xauj tsev.

Rooj Plaub Es Tsis Them Nqi Xaub Tsev

Yog hais tias daim ntawv tawm tsam hais tias koj tiv nqi xauj tsev, koj yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv yog hais tias koj muaj pov thawj tim khawv tias koj yeej tau them nqi xauj tsev tag lawm.  Nqa tag nrho cov ntawv sau tias koj them nyiaj lawm (receipts), cov tshev (check) es thim rov qab, los yog cov neeg ua pov thawj mus nram tsev hais plaub koj qhia pom tias koj twb yeej tau them cov nuj nqis xauj tsev.

Yog hais tias koj tau them ib nrab nqi tsev lawm thiab koj tus tswv tsev tsis muab daim ntawv sau tias koj them nyiaj lawm (receipt) qhia tias koj yuav tsum tau them cov nqi tsev es tseem tsis tau them, koj tus tswv tsev kuj yuav tsis muaj tsab peev xwm ncaws koj tawm vim koj tsis them cov nuj nqis koj tseem tsis tau them.  Cov nqi no kuj yog cov ces tsis tau them thaum koj mus sib hais nram tsev hais plaub.  Txawm li cas los, koj kuj yeej tseem tiv nqi xauj tsev rau koj tus tswv tsev, es nws kuj yuav ceev tau ib qho nyiaj ntawm cov nyiaj es koj muab cas (security deposit) tsev thaum kom tawm tsev los yog foob koj hauv lub tsev hais plaub sib khom kom haum hauv (Conciliation Court) es thiaj li kev tau cov nyiaj koj tiv.

Yog hais tias koj ceev cov nqi tsev es tsis them vim yog koj tus tswv tsev tsis kho qhov es puas hauv koj lub tsev, koj yuav tsum nqa cov nyiaj koj tiv nqi xauj tsev (nyiaj ntsuab) mus rau hauv tsev hais plaub vim hais tias koj yuav tau muab cov nyiaj no mus rau hauv tsev hais plaub.  Ntxiv mus thiab, nqa tag nrho cov duab koj thaij, cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau koj tus tswv tsev, cov ntaub ntawv kuaj tsev qhia tawm, thiab cov neeg ua tim khawv es koj muaj los pab txhawb koj rooj plaub.  Koj yeej nug tau tus neeg txiav txim plaub kom txo tau koj cov nqi tsev vim yog muaj tej kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub tsev es tsis kho (saib nploog 34).

Yog hais tias koj nqa cov nyiaj koj tiv nqi tsev no mus hauv tsev hais plaub (los yog koj twb them cov nqi tsev tom qab tus tswv tsev qhib rooj plaub), koj kuj yuav tsum nug tau lub tsev hais plaub kom muab kom txog 7 hnub rau koj them tus tswv tsev qhov nqi qhib rooj plaub thiab tej nqi tsub thaum them lig yog tias lub tsev hais plaub tau xaj kom koj yuav tsum them. Tus tswv tsev qhov nqi tsub rau koj them feem ntau yeej muab sau rau hauv koj daim ntawv Tawm Tsam (Complaint).

Rooj Plaub Es Nqi Tsev Nce

Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev nce nqi tsev yam tsis muaj kev ceeb toom qhia raug cai, lub tsev hais plaub yuav tsum txiav txim hais tias koj yuav tsum tsis tau them qhov nqi tsev es nce ntawd. Tus tswv tsev yuav tsum muaj kev ceeb toom qhia kom raug cai es mam li nce nqi tsev thiab nce tsis tau nqi tsev rau koj vim yog pauj kev ntsim siab rau koj (saib nploog 41). Koj yuav tsum tau nqa cov nqi tsev es koj tiv ua ntej qhov nqi tsev nce nrog koj mus nram tsev hais plaub.  Yog hais tias tus neeg txiav txim plaub ntug txiav txim tias qhov nce nqi tsev no yeej ceeb toom qhia rau cai lawm, ces koj yuav tau them qhov nqi tsev nce es koj tiv ntawd.  Lub tsev hais plaub yuav tsum qhia rau koj paub tias thaum twg koj yuav tsum tau them qhov nqi tsev nce ntawd.

Rooj Plaub Es Tsis Them Cov Nqi Tsub Rau Vim Them Mus Lig

Ntau tus tswv tsev yeej yuav tsub cov nqi rau koj vim yog koj them nqi tsev lig thiab yuav muab ntxiv rau koj lub nqi xauj tsev es koj tiv.  Yog hais tias koj tsis pom zoo rau cov nqi es tsub rau koj them vim koj them lig, koj yuav tsum tau qhia rau tus neeg txiav txim plaub.  Txawm hais tias koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev yeej hais tias yeej muaj cai tsub nqi thaum them lig, qhov nqi nov tej zaum qhov nqi nov kuj tsis raws cai thiab.  Yuav kom raug txoj cai, qhov nqi tsub them lig no yuav tsum tsis txhob kim heev thiab yuav tsum yog npog kiag qhov es tus tswv tsev yuav tau them vim rau qhov koj them nqi tsev lig lawm.  Nws yuav tsis yog ib lub txim tsub rau koj.  Nrog ib tug kws lij choj tham seb koj tus tswv tsev puas tsub cov nqi them lig no yam raug txoj cai.

Rooj Plaub Es Ceeb Toom Tias Yuav Tawm Tsev

Yog hais tias daim ntawv tawm tsam foob yeej hais tias koj tau txais daim ntawv ceeb tom kom tawm tsev tabsis koj tsis tawm tsev, saib kom zoo seb koj tus tswv tsev puas muab daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia koj paub kom raws cai. Tus tswv tsev feem ntau yeej tsis tas qhia rau koj tias vim li cas koj thiaj li tau txais daim ntawv ceeb toom no, tabsis lawm ua tsis tau vim yog pooj kev ntsim siab rau koj (saib nploog 41).  Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev tseem txais cov nyiaj nqi tsev tom qab vasthib es koj yuav tsum tau tawm lawm, ces daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia nov thim tawm tsis siv lawm.  Nqa tag nrho cov ntawv them nyiaj (receipt), cov tsev (check) es thim rov qab, los yog cov neeg es ua pov thawj mus nram tsev hais plaub koj qhia tseeb tias koj tus tswv tsev yeej tau txais cov nqi xauj tsev lawm.

Rooj Plaub Es Ua Tsis Raws Cov Lus Cog Tseg Ntawm Daim Ntawv Xaub Tsev Nyob

Yog hais tias daim ntawv tawm tsam foob yeej hais tias koj yeej tsis ua raws cov lus cog tsev hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev thiab koj tsis xav tias yeej ua raws, nqa cov cov duab koj thaij, cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntawv them nyiaj (receipt), cov neeg es ua pov thawj mus nram tsev hais plaub es yuav pab koj ua pov thawj tim khawv txog koj rooj plaub.  Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev tseem txais cov nyiaj nqi tsev tom qab vasthib es koj yuav tsum tau tawm lawm, tus tswv tsev kuj yuav tshem tawm txoj cai nws muaj yuav siv tej yam es tau tshwm sim los mus ntiab koj tawm.

Yog hais tias daim ntawv tawm tsam foob yeej hais tias koj tso cai siv yeeb sib tshuaj txhaum cai nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawd, nws yuav yog ib qho koj siv tiv thaiv tau koj yog tias yog cov neeg nrog koj nyob siv cov yeeb cov tshuaj los yog cia siv tej yeeb no rau ntawm qhov chaw no, tshwj tsis yog tias tus tswv tsev yeej muaj pov thawj tim khawv tias koj yeej paub txog los yeej muaj laj thawj ntseeg tias koj yeej paub txog kev siv cov yeeb cov tshuaj. 

Yog hais tias koj muaj ib qho xiam oos qhab thiab koj ntseeg tias qhov koj ua tsis raws cov lus cog tseg hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev no los yeeb vim yog muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog koj qhov kev xiam oos qhab, koj kuj yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv txog kev ncaws koj tawm yog tias koj tus tswv tsev yeej tsis muab lub dag zog los mus kho tej vaj tse kom haum koj qhov kev xiam oos qhab.  Koj yuav tsum tau nug koj tus tswv tsev kom nws kho tej vaj tse kom haum koj qhov kev xiam oos qhab.  Nthuav tawm ib co tswv yim npaj tseg kom thiaj li tiv thaiv tau tej yam es tsam ces ho yuav tshwm sim yav tom ntej no.  Muab daim ntawv nthuav koj cov tswv yim thov no sau ua ntawv khaws cia.

Yog hais tias koj nyob ntawm cov tsev luam los yog cov tsev es tsoom fwv pab them ib nrab nqi tsev, koj tsuas yog tias raug ncaws tsev tawm tau yog tias koj yeej tsis ua raws li los yog yeej ua tag los rov ua dua qhov es tsis ua raws nraim li daim ntawv cog lus tseg, los yog tsis ua raws li lwm yam zoo.  Txawm li ntawd los, tej co neeg xauj tsev ntawm cov tsev es tsoom fwv pab (section 8) tam sim kuj raug ncaws tau tawm tsev yam tsis tau tsim kev kub ntxhov dabtsi tom qab xauj tsev nyob tau ib lub xyoos, los  yog thaum kev xauj tsev tas hnub nyoog es yog xaus thaum thawj lub xyoos tag.  Koj yuav tsum tau tiv tauj ib tug kws lij choj los yog cov tsev pab neeg hais plaub hauv koj lub zos yog koj muaj lus nug.

Tsis Them Nqi Xaub Tsev Thiab Rooj Plaub Es Tsis Ua Raws Cov Lus Cog Tseg Ntawm Daim Ntawv Xaub Tsev

Yog hais tias daim ntawv tawm tsam foob yeej hais tias Koj yeej hais tias koj yuav tsum raug ncaws tawm vim tias koj tsis them nqi tsev thiab tsis ua raws li cov lug cog tseg hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev, lub tsev hais plaub yuav saib qhov plaub hais txog tsis ua raws li cov lug cog tseg hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev ua ntej.  Ko yuav tsis tau them cov nqis tsev es koj tuav cia rau lub tsev hais plaub thaum ntawd.  Yog hais tias lub tsev hais plaub txiav txim tias koj yeej tau ua txhaum cai ntawm daim ntawv tsis ua raws li cov lug cog tseg hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev thiab koj yuav tsum tau tawm tsev, koj yuav tsis tau them qhov nqi tsev es koj tuav tseg rau lub tsev hais plaub.  Yog hais tias lub tsev hais plaub txiav txim tias koj yeej tsis tau ua txhaum cai ntawm daim ntawv tsis ua raws li cov lug cog tseg hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev, ces lub tsev hais plaub yuav saib qhov plaub es hais txog qhov tsis them nqi xauj tsev.

Nws Yeej Tmuaj Lwm Qhov Los Tiv Thaiv Rau Cov Rooj Plaub Es Raug Ncaws Tawm Tsev

Nco ntsoov tias cov kev tiv thaiv tau hais tag sab saud tsuas yog cov es neeg siv heev los mus tiv thaiv es muaj rau neeg siv rau cov rooj plaub es ncaws tawm tsev.  Koj yuav tsum tau nrog ib tug kws lij choj tham kom paub zoo tias koj yeej ua zoo xav txog txhua qhov kev tiv thaiv es muaj rau koj rooj plaub.

Yog hais tias koj swb rooj plaub ncaws tawm tsev, tus neeg txiav txim plaub yuav muab ib daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia kom (yuav tsum tau tawm tsev) hu hua Writ of Recovery.

• Hnub ntawd, los yog ib lub sij hawm twg los tau tom qab, tus neeg txiav txim plaub ntug hais tias koj yuav tsum tau tawm tus tswv tsev yeej mus nqa tau daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia kom (yuav tsum tau tawm tsev) hu hua Writ of Recovery thiab nqa daim ntawv mus tau ib tug tub ceev xwm.

• Tus tub ceev xwm yuav nqa ncuv daim ntawv (Writ) tuaj cev rau koj kom sai li sai tau, tej thaum kuj yog kiag hnub ntawd.  Tus tub ceev xwm kuj kiag daim ntawv (Writ) rau koj los yog muab rhais ntawm koj lub qhov rooj.

• Daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia kom yuav tsum tau tawm tsev hu hua Writ qhia koj tias koj yuav tsum tau tawm ntawm thaj chaw nov tsis pub dhau 24 heev.

• Yog hais tias koj tsis tawm ntawm thaj chaw nov tsis pub dhau 24 heev, tus tub ceev xwm muaj cai rov qab tuaj thiab quab yuam koj tawm ntawv lub tsev apartment.  Tej thaum kuj siv sij hawm ntev tshaj li 24 teev ua ntej nws yuav rov qab tuaj.
   

Ceeb Toom!
Yog hais tias koj swb rooj plaub sab laj ncaws tawm tsev, pib nrhiav tsev tshiab xauj kom sai li sai tau.  Yog koj tseem nyob hauv koj lub tsev apartment tom qab daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia kom yuav tsum tau tawm tsev hu hua Writ tau cev rau koj lawm, yuav muaj kev phom sij rau koj.  Yog hais tias koj tawm tsis tau ua ntej daim ntawv Writ no cev rau koj, tiv thaiv koj cov khoom kom ntau li ntau tau es tshem tawm koj tej ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, cov tshuaj noj, khaub ncaws, thiab ib co zaub mov noj, etc.  Thaum tus tub ceev xwm ntiab tau koj tawm hauv koj lub tsev apartment xauj xwb, tag nrho koj cov khoom ntawm koj ntiag tug yuav muab tso rau hauv ib qhov chaw tso khoom.

Tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau muab khaws koj cov khoom khaws es koj tso cia rau hauv koj lub tsev tom qab tus tub ceev xwm ntiab koj tawm.  Vim li no es thiaj li yuav yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau koj yuav tau tshem koj cov khoom koj ntau li ntau tau ua ntej tus tub ceev xwm tuaj ntiab koj tawm.  Tus tswv tsev kuj muab koj cov khoom khaws tseg cia hauv koj lub tsev los yog tso rau lwm qhov chaw.

Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev npaj lub tswv yim es yuav muab koj cov khoom mus khaws cia rau ib qho chaw es tsis nyob ntawm lub tsev koj xauj, tus tswv tsev mam li teem caij nrog rau tus tub ceev xwm es kom nws rov qab tuaj nrog rau cov neeg es pab ntsaig cov khoom tawm.  Cov neeg es pab ntsaig cov khoom tawm yuav muab cov khoom ntim kom tag thiab muab coj mus tso rau hauv lub tsev ntim khoom hu ua storage.  Ua ntej yuav kom tau koj cov khoom rov qab, koj yuav tsum tau them cov nqi ntim koj cov khoom, ntsaig koj cov khoom, thiab qhov chaw es coj koj cov khoom mus khaws cia.  Koj yim cia koj cov khoom ntev rau qhov chaw ntawd ces koj yim them nqi ntau zog xwb.  Yog hais tias koj tsis them koj cov khoom kom tau rov qab li ntawm 28 hnub, ces tus tswv tsev yuav muab koj cov khoom muag tawm thiab siv cov nyiaj los them rau cov neeg es ntsaig koj cov khoom thiab them qhov nqi ntawm lub chaw es tso koj cov khoom.

Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev khaws koj cov khoom cia rau ntawm ib cheem tsam (lub tsev koj xauj), tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau rov qab muab koj cov khoom rau koj tsis pub dhau 24 teev thaum koj daim ntawv koj sau hais kom yuav tsum tau muab

Nco ntsoov:  Koj tsis tas yuav tsum tau them cov nqi tsev xauj es koj tsis tau them, cov nqi tsub thaum koj them nqi tsev lig, los yog cov nyiaj cas (security deposit) es koj thiaj li yuav tau koj cov khoom rov qab.  Koj tsuas tau them cov neeg es ntsaig koj cov khoom thiab them qhov chaw es coj koj cov khoom mus cia yog tias coj koj cov khoom mus ceev cia deb ntawm qhov chaw koj xauj tsev.

Yog hais tias koj cov khoom ntawm koj ntiag tug raug ceev los ntawm koj tus tswv tsev los yog koj muab tso tseg cia es tsis nqa (xws li koj tawm lub tsev apartment thiab koj tsis rov qab los lawm), tus tswv tsev kuj muab koj cov khoom mus tso tau rau hauv lub tsev ceev khoom vaj khoom tsev (storage).  Yuav kom koj tau koj cov khoom rov qab, koj yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv mus rau tus tswv tsev thiab xaj tsi ntsees kom lawv rov qab thim koj cov khoom rau koj.  Ceev ib daim qauv ntawm daim ntawv cia.  Tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau xa koj cov khoom rov qab rau koj tis pub dhau 24 teev yog hais tias cov khoom ntawd ceev cia ntawm lub tsev koj xauj.  Yog hais tias koj cov khoom raug ceev cia lwm qhov chaw es tsis nyob ze lub tsev xauj, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau rov qab muab rau koj tsis pub dhau 48 teev.  Qhov no tsis hais txog cov hnub vas xaum vas thiv thiab hnub es phav tsis ua hauj lwm.

Yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev tsis muab koj cov khoom vaj khoom tsev rov qab rau koj tom qab tau txais koj daim ntawv, koj yeej foob kom tau koj cov khoom rov qab.  Ntxiv rau qhov es tau kev txiav txim kom tus tswv tsev tau them nyiaj ntawm cov khoom vaj khoom tsev seb raug tus nqi li cas los yog txiav txim kom tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau muab koj cov khoom rov qab, tus neeg txiav txim kuj yuav xaj koj tus tswv tsev yuav tau them nyiaj rau koj vim nws ceev koj cov khoom vaj khoom tsev thiab cov nqi them rau tus kws lij choj.

Tus tswv tsev kuj foob tau koj ntawm qhov nqi es thaum them thaum nyaib koj cov khoom thiab qhov nqi es coj koj cov khoom mus khaws cia.  Tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau khaws koj cov khoom mus cia ntev li 28 hnub tom qab tau txais daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia tias koj tau khiav tawm ntawm lub tsev apartment lawm los yog thaum tus tswv tsev tau pom tias chav xauj ntawd yeej raug tso tseg es tsis muaj neeg nyob lawm.  Tus tswv tsev kuj muag tau koj cov khoom vaj khoom tsev los yog muab pov tseg tom qab 28 hnub xaus lawm.  Yuav muab li 2 asthiv ua ntej yuav muag cov khoom, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau sim rov qab tiv tauj qhia kom koj paub txog qhov es yuav muab cov khoom muag.  Cov nyiaj es muag tau ntawm cov khoom no yuav siv coj los them kom tag cov nuj nqis tiv rau tus tswv tsev los ntawm tus neeg xauj tsev.  Txawm li ntawd los, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau muab cov nyiaj es seem ntawm koj cov khoom es muag tag no rau koj yog hais tias koj nug es yog koj sau ntawv mus.  Qhov tiv thaiv no kuj muaj rau cov neeg xauj tsev es cov tsev poob mus rau lub tuam txhab txais nyiaj los yog mortgage foreclosure or contract-­for-deed cancellation.

“Expungement” means sealing the public record of a court action.  If your eviction is expunged, then someone searching court files cannot find a record of your eviction case.  The law allows courts to expunge eviction cases, but only in a small number of situations. If an old eviction case is keeping you from getting housing, you may want to try for an expungement.  But you only have a chance if you won the eviction case or can prove that the landlord brought a bad case against you.

There are only certain times when expungements are allowed. To get an expungem­ent, the landlord’s case must be “sufficiently without basis in fact or law,” the expungement must be “clearly in the interests of justice,” and the “interests of justice” must outweigh “the public’s interest in knowing the record.”

In other words, the landlord brought a bad eviction case and it would be unfair to let it stay on your record. Every case is different, but here are some kinds of cases that might get expunged.  Do not ask for an expungement unless

• you won the case
• you settled the case with an agreement, and the landlord agreed that he or she did not  have a good case
• you lost by default because you never got the court papers, and you have strong proof that the landlord did not have a good case against you or
• your landlord’s property was in foreclosure and you moved out before the date you had to or you never got any notice that you had to move out because of the foreclosure.

You need to ask the court in writing to expunge your record.  You may have to go to court to explain why you think you should be able to expunge.  Your written request is called a “motion.” Most courts have forms for making “motions” which you could use. There will be a fee for making an expungement motion. You can ask the court clerks how to make the motion for free. Contact an attorney or legal services office for help with your expungement. A list of legal services offices can be found in the back of this booklet.

If the court expunges your records, contact each of the tenant screening agencies in Minnesota to let them know. The law says that a screening company may not report an eviction once the company knows it has been expunged.  A list of Twin Cities tenant screening agencies can be found at the end of this booklet. You may also be able to get a list of tenant screening agencies from court clerks.

Yog koj txiav txim siab tawm tsev es yog koj yeem tawm, nco ntsoov sau ntawv ceeb toom qhia kom raug cai yog tias hom cog lus koj xauj tsev yog periodic lease es yog xauj tsev hli dhau hli.  Tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv ceeb toom qhi no ua ntej 11:59 hnub es ua ntej yuav tau them qhov nqi tsev ntawm lub hli tas los no.

Piv txwv, yog hais tias koj xauj tsev hli dhau hli thiab kom xav tawm thaum lub Ob hlis ntuj hnub tim 1, koj yuav tsum tau muab daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia rau koj tus tswv tsev tias koj yuav npaj siab tawm ua ntej ib tag hmo, thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis hnub tim 31.

Txawm tias koj yuav tsis ua raws li cov lus cog hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev thiab muab tsis tau daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia kom raws cai, koj yuav tsum tau muab daim ntawv ceeb qhia 3 hnub yog tias koj yuav tawm tsev hauv nraub nrab ntawm lub Kaum Ib Hlis Tim 15 thiab lub Plaub Hlis Tim 15.  Yog koj ceeb toom qhia 3 hnub ua ntej, koj yuav tsis lav phib xaub rau tej yam puas tsuaj xws li kav dej tawg thiab kav nkev tawg vim yog huav cua no heev.  Koj tsis tas yuav ceeb toom rau tus tswv tsev yog hais tias koj tawm tsev thaum koj daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev hu ua fixed term lease tas caij nyoog thiab yuav tsis xauj dua tshiab lawm.  Saib nplooog 13 kom paub ntau dua txog hom ntawv cog lus xauj tsev fixed term thiab periodic leases.

Koj yuav tsum tu kom lub tsev apartment kom zoo thiab txhob puas li thaum koj pib mus nyob hauv, qhov zam tau ces yog qhov koj tsuj mus mus los los (normal wear and tear). Maj mam tu lub tsev kom zoo.  Thaum koj npaj txhij yuav tawm mus, maj mam taug kev xyuas hauv lub tsev kom pom txhua yam yeej ok lawm.  Yog hais tais tus tswv tsev qhia rau koj tias lub tsev apartment tu tau yam tsis muaj kev txaus siab, ces hais kom koj tus tswv tsev muab sau rau hauv ib daim ntawv thiab koj nws kos npe rau.  Luam ib daim qauv rau koj.  Nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo muab thaij duab cia es kom muaj vas thib nyob rau cov duab ntawm lub tsev apartment tom qab koj tu tag.

Thaum koj tawm tsev lawm, muab tus yawm sij rov qab rau koj tus tswv tsev.  Kom nws sau ib daim ntawv (receipt) rau koj tias koj yeej tau xa tus yawm sij rau lawv lawm.

Ua ntej tawm mus, muab ib daim ntawv sau koj lub chaw nyob tshiab rau koj tus tswv tsev es tiv tauj yeej tau koj yog sau ntawv tuaj.  Ua li no, ces tus tswv tsev thiaj li xa tau koj cov nyiaj es koj cas (security deposit) tuaj rau koj.  Yog hais tias koj tsis xav kom tus tswv tsev paub koj qhov chaw nyob tshiab, muab lwm lub chaw nyob es koj yeej txais tau cov ntawv xa pais xab nis tuaj. Piv txwv, koj yeej siv tau cov tub tom lub chaw xa ntawv.

Yog hais tias koj koom lub tsev apartment thiab txhua txhau tus ho tsis tawm tsev, tus tswv tsev kuj kev tau nyiaj los ntawm tus neeg xauj tsev es tseem nyob hauv lub tsev apartment.  Txawm tias koj twb tawm tsev lawm, koj yeej tseem muaj kev lav phib xaub rau koj tus khub qhov nqi them tsev xauj yog tias tus neeg ntawd tawm tsev yam tsis sau ntawv ceeb toom qhia ua ntej kom raug cai rau tus tswv tsev los yog nws tsis them nqi tsev xauj.  Yog hais tias qhov no tshwm sim, koj yeej foob tau koj tus khub nrog koj xauj tsev kom tau koj cov nyiaj rov qab hauv lub tsev hais plaub Conciliation Court.  Yuav tiv thaiv koj txhob muaj tej no tshwm sim rau koj, yuav tsum tau sau daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia kom raug cai rau koj tus tswv tsev tias koj yuav tawm tsev thiab yuav tsis lav phib xaub txog tej nqis tsev es muaj yam tom ntej.  Qhov no mas tej zaum yuav siv tsis tau rau hom ntawv cog lus xauj tsev hu ua fixed term lease, tab sis yeej tiv thaiv tau koj yog hom cog lus koj xauj tsev yog xauj ib hlis dhau ib hlis (periodic lease).

Cov tswv tsev feem ntau yeej hais kom cov neeg xauj tsev them qhov nyiaj cas tsev los yog cas tsam ces muab tsev ua puas tsuaj (security los yog damage deposit) thaum tus neeg xauj tsev yuav mus nyob.  Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev xav nce qhov nyiaj es cas tsev thaum koj twb nyob hauv lub tsev lawm, daim ntawv sau ceeb toob qhia ua ntej yuav tsum muaj tib yam li thaum yuav nce qhov nqi xauj tsev (saib nploog 46).  Yog hais tias koj tsis pom zoo rau qhov es nce tus nqi cas nyiaj no, koj yuav tsum tau teb daim ntawv ceeb toom koj sai es sau daim ntawv qhia tias koj tsis pom zoo them, es txhob cia li them mus.  Koj kuj yuav raug tawm lub tsev xauj apartment yog hais tias koj tsis kam them qhov nqi es nce.

Cov neeg xauj tsev mas tsis pub lawv siv qhov nyiaj cas tsev them lawv lub nqi tsev es yog lub hli kawg.  Koj yuav tsum tau them lub nqi tsev ntawm lub hli kawm, tawm tsev, thiab tos kom tus tswv tsev xa koj qhov nyiaj cas tsev tuaj rau koj tom qab koj tawm tsev.  Nco ntsoov muab koj lub chaw nyob tshiab rau koj tus tswv tsev.

Yog hais tias koj tsev xauj apartment raug muag tawm thaum lub sij hawm koj tseem xauj tsev, qhov nyiaj koj cas tsev ntawv yuav tsum tau muab rau tus tswv tsev tshiab los yog muab rau tus neeg xauj tsev tsis pub dhau 60 hnub.  Txawm li ntawd los, tus tswv tsev tshiab yog tus lav phib xaub es muab koj cov nyiaj koj cas tsev rov qab rau koj txawm tias qhov nyiaj no yeej tsis tau muab hloov mus rau tus tswv tsev tshiab.

Thaum koj tawm hauv lub tsev xauj apartment lawm, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau thim cov nyiaj koj cas tsev los yog cov nyiaj cas tsam koj ua tsev puas nrog rau cov paj.  Qhov nyiaj koj cas mas yuav hloov vim muaj 3% ntxiv rau ib xyoos twg es txog ntua thaum lub Yim Hlis ntuj tim 1, 2003 and 1% ib xyoos twg tom qab ntawd. Cov paj ntawm qhov nyiaj koj cas tsev mas yuav tsis muaj paj ntxiv rau txog thaum koj them tag nrho cov nyiaj cas nqi tsev rau koj tus tswv tsev.  Thaum koj them tag nrho qhov nyiaj cas tsev lawm, yuav muaj paj ntxiv rau lub hlis tom ntej no.

Piv txwv, yog hais tias koj mus nyob hauv lub tsev xauj apartment thaum lub Ib hlis ntusj es yuav tsum tau cas nyiaj $600 thiab tus tswv tsev pub koj them qhov nyiaj cas yog ib hlis $200 rau lub Ib hlis  ntuj, Ob hlis ntuj, thiab Peb Hlis ntuj, qhov paj rau qhov nyiaj no tsis pib txog thaum lub Plaub hlis ntuj (muab xam tias cov nyiaj cas tsev yeej them tag rau thaum lub Peb Hlis lawm).

Tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau thim cov nyiaj cas tsev nrog rau cov paj rau koj los yog sau ib daim ntawv piav qhia rau koj tias vim li cas ib qho nyiaj ntawm qhov nyiaj cas tsev ho raug txiav tawm lawm tsis pub dhau 3 lub asthiv (21 hnub) tom qab thaum koj tawm tsev es tsis yog tus neeg xauj tsev lawm thiab tom qab es tau koj lub chaw nyob tshiab.  Yog hais tias koj tawm tsev vim rau qhov lub tsev building puas tsuaj tag es nyob tsis tau lawm condemned, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau xav koj cov nyiaj cas tsev tuaj rau koj tsis pub dhau 5 hnub tom qab koj tawm tsev (saib nploog 35)

Yog hais tias muaj tej qho nqi tsev xauj es tsis tau them, tus tswv tsev kuj tshem tau qhov nqi ntawd tawm ntawm cov nyiaj es koj cas tsev.  Yog hais tais muaj tej qho kev kho tsev kom lub tsev xauj thiaj li zoo li thaum koj xub mus nyob, tus tswv tsev kuj tshem tau qhov nqi siv los kho nov ntawm koj cov nyiaj cas tsev.  Cov no kuj yog, tu tsev, tha xim tshiab, hloov daim kas pev tshiab, etc. Tabsis, koj tsis tas yuav tau them tej yam puas tsuaj vim yog tsuj mus mus los "normal wear and tear."  Feem ntau qhov puas tsuaj es tsuj mus tsuj los "normal wear and tear" mas nyob ntawm lub caij nyoog.  

Piv txwv, yog hais tias koj nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tau li 3 lub xyoos thiab yuav tau tha xim tshiab thaum koj tawm, koj yeej cam tau tias qhov no mas yeej puas vim nyob ntev lawm los yog normal wear and tear thiab tsis yog koj qhov kev lav phib xaub.   

Tabsis, yog tias lub tsev yeej nyuam qhuav tha xim tsw ha ntxiag thaum koj mus nyob li 6 lub hlis tas los no thiab lub tsev twb yuav tsum tau tha xim tshiab tam sim no, qhov no yuav tsis muab xam tias yeej puas vim nyob ntev lawm los yog “normal wear and tear.”  Yog li ntawd, koj kuj yuav tau them.

Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev tsis xav koj cov nyiaj cas tsev rov qabr rau koj los yog sau ib tsab ntawv piav qhia rau koj tias vim li cas thiaj li tsis muab koj qhov nyiaj cas tsev rov qab rau koj, koj yeej foob tau tus tswv tsev kom nws them 2 npaug ntawm cov nyiaj cas tsev nrog rau cov paj. Ntxiv mus thiab, yog hais tias koj tus tswv tsev ceev ib qho nyiaj ntawm cov nyiaj koj cas yam tsis muaj qab ntxhiab los yog “bad faith”, koj kuj tau txais li $200 vim yog ua txhaum "punitive damages."  Ceev cov nyiaj yam “bad faith” txhais tias tus tswv tsev paub zoo tias ceev cov nyiaj es tsis muab rau koj yeej txhaum, tabsis cia li txhob tsis muab rau koj. 

Yog hais tias koj tau txais ib daim ntawv piav qhia rau koj thiab koj tsis pom zoo nrog rau koj tus tswv tsev qhov laj thawj es nws khaws koj qhov nyiaj cas tsev es tsis muab rov qab rau koj, koj yeej foob tau tus tswv tsev kom nws rov qab muab rau koj.  Koj tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau muaj  pov thawj tim khawv tias cov nyiaj yeej muab siv los kho vaj kho tsev lawm. Koj yeej coj tau qhov plaub zoo li no mus hais rau hauv lub tsev plaub Conciliation Court yog tias koj foob qhov nyiaj es tsawm tshaj $10,000 los yog tsawg dua.  Rau cov rooj plaub es piv thaum los yog tom lub Yim Hlis Ntuj Hnub Tim 1, 2014, qhov nyiaj foob muab nce mus rau $15,000.  Yeej muaj ib qho nqi tsub rau koj thaum koj qhib rooj plaub, tabsis lub tsev hais plaub yeej zam tau qhov nqi nov yog tias koj them tsis tau.  Nug tus neeg tuav cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev hais plaub kom muab daim ntawv koj sau thov zam qhov nqi nov.

Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau koj tus kheej, sau teev rau hauv ib daim ntawv kom muaj tag nrho txhua txhua qhov es puas nyob hauv koj lub tsev xauj apartment ua ntej yuav tawm thiab hais kom koj tus tswv tsev kos npe rau.  Piv daim ntawv no rau daim ntawv es thaum ub koj teev tseg ua ntej koj mus nyob.  Nco ntsoov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev es koj yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv teev seb lub tsev zoo li cas ua ntej thiab tom qab koj tawm lamw.  Nias qhov link ntawm nploog ntawv 59 kom pom daim ntawv piv txwv.

Saib nploog 61-62 txog txoj cai koj muaj txog koj cov khoom ntawm koj ntiag tug thiab yog koj li.

Yog hais tias koj nyob cov tsev luam, cov tsev es tsoom fwv pab them nqi tsev hu ua project-based assisted housing (xws li cov tsev Section 8 los yog  Section 236 building), los yog cov tsev es tsoom fwm muaj nyiaj pab them nqi tsev hu ua tenant-based assistance with a Section 8 Voucher, tag nrho cov kev tiv thaiv piav nyob hauv phau ntawv no yog muaj rau koj thiab.  Ib qho ntxiv thiab koj muaj ib co cai tshwj xeeb ntxiv thiab kev lav phib xaub ntxiv vim yog koj tau kev pab them koj lub nqi tsev xauj.

Txoj cai es koj muaj ntawm cov tsev es pab them nqi xauj nyob ntawm seb qhov program pab koj yog cov twg.  Tiv tauj ib tug kws lij choj los yog cov tsev hais plaub es pab neeg neeg hais plaub hauv koj lub zos koj muaj kev pab (saib daim ntawv teev cov npe pib ntawm nploog 66).   Ntau cov kev tiv thaiv es ntxiv rau yog cov ntawv cog lus xauj tsev es yuav tsum tau muaj rau tag nrho cov program  es tsoom fiv pab them nqi tsev.           

Nyob rau ntau cov tsev luam project-based programs es cov nyiaj pab them nqi tsev no nyob nrog lub tsev building, koj raug ncaws tawm tsuas yog tib qho tias tus tswv tsev muaj ib qho laj thawj zoo txaus ncaws koj tawm, tsis yog cov laj thawj li qhov es koj xauj tsev hli dhau hli thaum koj xauj tsev nyob.  Ntawm ntau hom tsev luam project-based programs, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv ceeb toom ncaws koj tawm tsev thiab muab txoj cai pub rau koj mus nrog tus tswv tsev tham es seb daws puas tau qhov teeb meem yam tsis ncaws koj tawm.

Cov neeg tau nyiaj pab them nqi tsev xauj ntawm Section 8, es yog koj tau cov nyiaj no pab koj them thaum koj mus nyob hauv lub tsev xauj, kuj yuav xaus qhov kev xauj tsev yam tsis muaj laj thawj dabtsi tom qab xaus qhov kev cog lus xauj tsev lawm.

Feem ntau ntawm raug ncaws tawm ntawm cov tsev luam, koj muaj txoj cai mus mloog rooj sab laj ntawj ib tug neeg tswj rooj sab laj los yog ntawm ib pab neeg ua ntej cov neeg tswj cov luam coj tau koj mus nram tsev hais plaub kom ncaws tau koj tawm.

Yuav xaiv cov neeg los nyob hauv cov tsev no, tus tswv tsev kuj yuav

1. Kuaj nrog rau lwm tus tswv tsev seb koj puas them nqi tsev los yog koj puas tsim kev kub ntxhov thab plaub nrog cov neeg nyob ze koj.
    
2. Kuaj koj qhov keeb kwm ntawm koj lub neeg qhov kev ua txhaum cai, nrog rau tub ceev xwm, F.B.I., thiab/los yog nram tsev hais plaub.
    
3. Kuaj cov keeb kwm xauj tsev es raug ncaws tawm (unlawful detainer) los yog los ntawm cov chaw es kuaj keem kwm xauj tsev nyob.
    
4. Kuaj cov keeb kwm ntawm koj cov qhab nes credit history.
    

Yog tias koj yog ib tug neeg raug ntaus los ntawm koj tus txij tus nkawm, cov tsev luam (housing program) yuav tsis pub koj nyob mas yuav ua tau li ntawd vim koj raug tsim los ntawm tus neeg ntaus koj.  Kev sib ntaus ntawm ib khub niam txiv (Domestic violence) kuj yog qhov es koj raug ntaus los yog ib tug neeg ntawm koj tsev neeg rau tsim txom thiab raug ntaus, sib ntaus thaum tseem ua nkauj ua nraug thiab nyiag soj qab tas li. Lub chaw tswj cov tsev luam (housing agency) los yog tus tswv tsev kuj nug kom koj muab kom tau pov thawj txog qhov koj raug ntaus los ntawm koj tus txij tus nkawm. 

• Koj yuav tau txais ib daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia rau koj txog qhov kev txiav txim siab es qhia txog koj txoj cai tawm tsam qhov kev txiav txim siab no. 

• Koj muaj txoj cai kom paub txog tej ntaub ntawv tsis zoo thaum tus tswv tsev/chaw tswj tsev luam tshawb pom txog koj.  Feem ntau koj yuav muaj txoj cai muab lwm cov ntaug ntawv kom kho tau cov ntaub ntawv es tsis zoo txog koj.  Koj kuj qhia tau rau lawm tias koj lub neej tam sim no hloov lawm, xws li muaj hauj lwm ua lawm los yog tab tom mus ntsib ib neeg pab sab laj txog koj lub neej (counseling).

• Yog hais tias koj sau ntawv mus thov tsev luam nyob es tsev luam xyeej tsis txais koj los ntawm qhov chaw tswj cov tsev luam (Housing Authority), koj yeej muaj txoj cai mus mloog rooj sab laj txog qhov kev txiav txim no.  Koj yeej muaj txoj cai soj ntsuab saib cov ntaub ntawv es siv los mus txiav txim xyeej koj thiab tsis pub koj nyob thiab koj yeej kho tau cov ntaub ntawv kom thwj yog tias muaj tej yam es sau tsis raug txog koj lawm.  Thaum mus sab laj, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv es tau xa tuaj rau qhov chaw tswj cov tsev luam (Housing Authority) txog koj ces yeej muab los qhia tag nhro.

• Tag nrho cov kev pab rau tsev luam public housing thiab assisted housing mas koj yeej muaj txoj cai kom lawv kho kom haum koj “reasonable accommodation.”  Qhov no txhais tau tias koj yeej nug lawv hloov tau los cov cai es pub neeg nyob los yog cov kab ke teev tseg yuav tsum ua raws kom hloov yog hais koj xav kom hloov vim yog koj muaj ib qho xiam oos qhab.  Cov cai es koj thov kom yuav tsum tau hloov mas yuav tsum tsim nyog thiab kom muaj kev ncaj ncees sib npaug zos kom txhua tus thiaj li mus nyob tau hauv cov tsev luam.

Cov cai lij choj hauv tsoom fwv tseb chaws Meskas teev ib co nqi tsev xauj es pab rau neeg nyob tsev luam es lawv yuav tsum them. Qhov nqi tsev no ntau thiab tsawg nyob ntawm seb khwv tau nyiaj ntau los tsawg.  Qhov nqi tsev rau feem coob ntawm cov neeg es nyob tsev luam public thiab assisted housing mas kuj yog 30 percent ntawm qhov nyiaj lawv khwv tau tom qab txiav se tag, los yog qhov nqi es qis tshaj plaws rau lawv them es tau teev tseg los ntawm lub chaws tswj cov tsev luam.  Koj yuav tsum tau muaj pov thawj txog cov nyiaj koj khwv tau thaum koj sau ntawv mus thov tsev luam nyob thiab koj yuav tsum tau qhia rau lawv paub thaum cov nyiaj koj khwv tau nce lawm.  Yog hais tias cov nyiaj koj khwv tau es tau tsawg dua lawm, ces qhov nqi tsev kuj yuav txo thiab.  Rov qab tshawb fawb kom paub txog cov nyiaj koj khwv tau yuav tshawb ib xyoos ib zaug, tabsis koj yuav tsum tau qhia txog cov nyiaj koj khwv tau thiab kev hloov ntawm tsev neeg raws li cov cai sau tseg ntawm cov tsev luam.  Tsub nqi tsev tshaj dhau lawm kuj yog ib koj tiv thaiv tau koj tus kheej tau muaj rooj plaub ncaws tawm tsev.  Yog hais tias koj muaj lus nug txog yam twg yog yam es yuav tsum tau qhia los yog nug txog yuav tiv thaiv koj ntawm rooj plaub ncaws tawm tsev, koj yuav tsum tau tiv tauj ib tug kws lij choj los yog cov tsev pab neeg hais plaub nyob hauv koj lub zos: https://www.lawhelpmn.org/hm/providers-and-clinics

Lub chaw tswj cov tsev luam Housing Authorities yeej ib qho txheej txheem rau kov neeg nyob hauv tsev luam tawm tsam thaum lawv muaj tej yam lawv tsis txaus siab.  Cov tswv tsev xauj es tsis yog tsev luam mas yuav tsis muaj cov txheej txheem no.  Koj yeej pib tau koj qhov txheej txheem rau kev tsis txaus siab rau tej yam es tus tswv tsev tau ua es koj ntseeg tau tias qhov ntawd yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab tsis zoo rau koj qhov kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb puas phais, los yog qhov nqi tsev es koj tau them.  Txhua qhov kev tsis txaus siab es xav kom muaj rooj sab laj mloog yuav tsum tau sau ntawv mus nug kom muaj rooj sab laj.  Lub chaw tswj cov tsev luam Housing Authorities kuj yuav tsum tau ua raws cov txheej txheem thaum lawv muaj ib qho kev tsis txaus siab rau koj thaum koj tsis ua raws li cov lus cog tseg hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev.

Hauv lub xeev Minnesota, Lub chaw tswj cov tsev luam Housing Authorities kuj yuav zam es tsis muaj qhov txheej txheem ntawm qhov kev tsis txaus siab no es cia li hla kiag ncaj qha mus rau hauv tsev hais plaub kom ncaws koj tawm tsev thaum lawv hais tias koj tsis ua raws li cov lus cog tseg hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev mas yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb puas phais. Yog tias lawv tsis pub koj muaj qhov txheej txheem mloog kev sab laj txog qhov koj tsis txaus siab, tshwj xeeb yog ua ntej rooj sab laj ncaws koj tawm tsev, tiv tauj cov chaw pab neeg hais plaub hauv koj lub zos los yog ib tug sawv cev rau koj ntawm cov tsev luam.

Koj muaj 4 qho cai es tseem ceeb heev thaum mus mloog rooj sab laj txog qhov koj tsis txaus siab

1. Koj muaj cai saib koj cov ntaub ntawv (file) nyob hauv chav ua hauj lwm ntawm lub chaw tswj cov tsev luam Housing Authorities ua ntej yuav pib rooj plaub mloog kev sab laj txog qhov koj tsis txaus siab, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv es lub chaw tswj cov tsev luam Housing Authorities sau txog qhov lawv tsis txaus siab rau koj.
    
2. Koj muaj cai (nug cov lus nug rau lawv ntawm koj tus kheej) “cross-examine” rau cov neeg ua pov thawj tim khawv es sau cov ntawv tsis txaus siab txog koj.  Lub chaw tswj cov tsev luam Housing Authorities yeej hais tsis tau ib yam kev tawm tsam txog koj thaum mloog rooj sab laj yog tias lawv tsis muaj tus neeg ua pov thawj tim khawv kom qhia tau tias cov lus lawv teev tseg yeej muaj tseeb.
    
3. Koj muaj cai kom muaj ib tug kws lij choj los sawv cev rau koj los yog ib tug neeg es koj xaiv.
    
4. Koj muaj cai es qhov kev txiav txim ntawd tsuas yog siv cov pov thawj tim khawv es coj tuaj hais saum rooj sab laj nkaus xwb.  Tus neeg txiav txim yuav muab tsis tau tej pov thawj es twb tsis coj tuaj hais saum rooj sab laj los txiav txim.

Yog hais tias koj nyob hauv cov tsev luam los yog cov tsev es tsoom fwv pab them nqi tsev (public los yog project-based assisted housing), koj tsuas raug ncaws tawm yog tias koj yeej tau ua tej yam kev txhaum cai loj thiab ua tas los rov ua dua es tsis ua raws li cov lug cog tseg hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev los yog kom zoo rau lwm yam.

Piv txwv txog tej yam txhaum cai es loj heev kuj muaj xws li

• tsis them nqi tsev

• txhob txwm tsoo vaj tsoo tsev

• ntaus lwm tus neeg xauj tsev

• ua tej yam kev txhaum txoj cai lij ch
   

Yog tias koj yog ib tug neeg raug ntaus los ntawm koj tus txij tus nkawm, cov tsev luam (housing program) yuav tsis pub koj nyob mas yuav ua tau li ntawd vim koj raug tsim los ntawm tus neeg ntaus koj.  Kev sib ntaus ntawm ib khub niam txiv (Domestic violence) kuj yog qhov es koj raug ntaus los yog ib tug neeg ntawm koj tsev neeg rau tsim txom thiab raug ntaus, sib ntaus thaum tseem ua nkauj ua nraug thiab nyiag soj qab tas li. Qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias Lub chaw tswj cov tsev luam (housing agency) los yog tus tswv tsev kuj yuav tsis ntswj los yog siv lwm cov cai hauv cov tsev luam los yog lwm cov nqi lus cog tseg nyob hauv daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev.

Piv txwv ntawm ib qho es koj ua tsis raws cov cai ntawm daim ntawv cog lus es yog txhaum me me es kuj yog qhov txhaum es yuav raug ncaws tawm tsev yog tias qhov txhaum no yeej tau ua tag los ua dua tej yam zoo li no kuj yog phej tsis pub cov neeg es twb tau daim ntawv tso cai tuaj kuaj tsev thiab kho tsev, los yog phej ib sij them nqi tsev lig tas li.  Nco ntsoov, ntau rooj plaub es raug ncaws tawm vim tsis them nqi tsev yeej zam tau yog koj maj nroos qhia txog koj qhov nyiaj khwv tau es tau tsawg zog lawm.  Qhov qhia nov yuav tsum yog sau ntawv qhia.

Yuav tsum tau muaj kev qhia rau koj tias vim li cas koj thiaj li raug ncaws tawm tsev.  Ntxiv mus thiab, qhov es koj yog ib tug neeg xauj tsev nyob hauv cov tsev luam, koj yuav tsum tau muaj kev qhia rau koj txog koj txoj cai es nug kom muaj rooj plaub sab laj txog qhov koj tsis txaus siab.  Hom kev ceeb toom qhiab thiab yuav muab sij hawm ntev npaum cas rau koj tawm tsam mas nyob ntawm seb hom tsev luam ntawd yog hom twg.  Yog hais tias koj tau txais daim ntawv ceeb toom kom koj tawm tsev, koj yuav tsum nrog cov tsev pab neeg hais plaub hauv koj lub zos tham los yog ib tug sawv cev raws cov neeg nyob hauv cov tsev luam tham sai li sai tau.  Txawm hais tias koj swb thaum rooj ploob mloog sab laj ntawm lub chaw tswj cov tsev luam (housing authority), yuav ncaws tsis tau koj tawm yog tias tias muaj daim ntawv ncaws tawm hauv lub tsev hais plaub thiab los ntawm rooj plaub sab laj hauv lub tsev hais plaub.  Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd koj muaj lub caij los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej. Thaum muaj rooj plaub sab laj txog ncaws tawm tsev (unlawful detainer) koj yeej hais tau txhua yam es yuav tiv thaiv koj es twb tau muab tham ua ntej txog txoj sib raug zoo ntawm tus tswv tsev/tus neeg xauj tsev.  Cov nqi lus no koj yeej siv tau txawm tias koj yog ib tug neeg xauj tsev rau tsev luam, cov tsev es tsoom fwv pab them nqi xauj tsev, los yog cov tsev section 8 (public, project-based assisted housing program, or as a Section 8 Voucher holder).

Xav kom paub ntau dua txog tsev luam (Public Housing), mus nqa ib phau ntawv hu ua Kev Cob Qhia txog tsev luam (Public Housing) hauv lub xeev Minnesota.  Koj yeej mus nqa tau ib phau ntawv los ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm rau cov kev caij lij choj hauv koj lub zos los yog hauv online ntawm www.lawhelpmn.org/hm.

Under Minnesota law, tenants in manufactured home parks have the same rights and responsibilities as tenants in other residential buildings. However, there are also laws that have to do with special situations that come up only in manufactured home parks.

Here are some of the specific laws for tenants in manufactured home parks

• Rent can be raised twice a year.
   
• The manufactured home park owner has to use a written agreement with a tenant when renting a lot. The written agreement must state all the terms and conditions of the agreement. This is different from tenants in residential buildings because some landlords in those buildings rely on verbal leases.
   
• The park owner must give a 60-day written notice to a tenant before changing any rule. New rules may be made for existing tenants only if the new rules are reasonable and do not make major changes to the original agreement between the tenant and park owner. In other rental buildings, the notice required to change a rule depends on the type of tenancy (such as fixed term or periodic term).
   
• Tenants in manufactured home parks have the right to "organize" and hold meetings about issues affecting the tenants. Park owners may not prohibit these or any other activity in which the tenants are engaging as a way of expressing themselves. However, park owners may enforce rules that limit the time, place, and manner of these activities.
   

For more information on specific laws affecting your tenancy if you live in a manufactured home park, call a lawyer or your local legal services office and go to www.LawHelpMN.org for more information.

Rental Research Services
7525 Mitchell Road, Suite 310
Eden Prairie, MN 55344
(952) 935-5700

Multi-Housing Credit Control
10125 Crosstown Circle, Suite 100
Eden Prairie, MN 55344
(952) 941-0552

Rental History Reports, Inc.
10505 Wayzata Blvd., Suite 200
Minnetonka, MN 55305
(952) 545-3953          

Tenant Check
910 Ivy Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55106
(651) 224-3002

Minnesota Standard Residential Lease
By the Residential Real Estate Committee, Real Property Law Section
Minnesota State Bar Association

The Residential Real Estate Committee of the Minnesota State Bar Association's Real Property Law Council has published a new residential lease for general use by tenants and landlords. The form is entitled, "Minnesota Standard Residential Lease."

This new lease form is in compliance with Minnesota Statutes adopted through the 2000 legislative session. The form has been reviewed by the Minnesota Attorney General and contains the following statement:

"The Office of the Minnesota Attorney General certifies that this contract complies with the requirements of Minn. Stat. І325G.31 (1999). Certification of a contract by the Minnesota attorney general under the plain language contract act is not otherwise an approval of the contract's legality or legal effect."

To download a SAMPLE copy of the Minnesota Standard Residential Lease, you must request access to the (free) form through the Minnesota State Bar Association here: http://www.mnbar.org/members/committees-sections/msba-sections/real-property-law-section/residential-real-estate-committee-forms#.WbrJ-CSVc98